Contents
The Theory
The Premise of This Guide 4
Writing for a Purpose 4
Substantive Writing 5
The Problem of Impressionistic Writing 5
Writing Reflectively 5
Writing as Exercise for the Mind 6
How to Write a Sentence 7
Writing to Learn 8
Substantive Writing in Content Areas 8
Relating Core Ideas to Other Core Ideas 9
Writing Within Disciplines 10
The Work of Writing 10
Questioning as We Write 11
Non-Substantive Writing 12
The Practice
Exercises in Substantive Writing 13
Paraphrasing 14
Clarification Strategies 15
Sample Paraphrases 15
Paraphrasing Short Quotes 17
Paraphrasing and Clarifying Substantive Texts 20
Man's Search for Meaning, by Viktor E. Frankl 21
History of the Great American Fortunes by Gustavus Myers 25
On Liberty, by H. L. Mencken 29
Exploring Conflicting Ideas 32
Exploring Key Ideas Within Disciplines 35
Analyzing Reasoning 39
Evaluating Reasoning 44
Appendices
Appendix A: The Logic of an Article 45
Appendix B: Evaluating an Author's Reasoning 47
Appendix C: Mapping Sentences (for Instructors) 49
Appendix D: How to Teach Students to Assess Writing (for Instructors) 51
Appendix E:The Function of Transitional Words 53