000			03519 a2200157 4500
020			_a0226069303
082			_a295 _bBOY
100			_a Boyce, Mary _992870
245			_a Textual sources for the study of Zoroastrianism
260			_bUniversity of Chicago Press _c1990 _aChicago
300			_a166p.
505			_aGeneral introduction vii Acknowledgements viii Abbreviations viii Foreword ix 1. Introduction 1 1.1. The textual sources 1 1.2. The religious background to Zoroastrianism 8 1.3. Zarathushtra and his teachings 11 1.4. Some reasons for diversity in modern studies of Zoroastrianism 15 1.5. The ancient Iranian world picture 17 1.6. The seven holy days of obligation 18 1.7. The Zoroastrian calendar 19 1.8. The Zoroastrian ’world year’ 20 1.9. Chronological background to the texts 22 2. Tradition and doctrine 27 2.1. Ancient materials from the Yashts 27 2.2. Verses from the Gathas 34 2.3. Passages from the Zand of lost Avestan texts 45 3. Worship, prayer and confession 53 3.1. Selections from Yasna Haptanhaiti 53 3.2. Passages from the yasna liturgy accompanying the preparation of the haoma offering 55 3.3. The four great prayers 56 3.4. The creed (Fravarane) 57 3.5. The kusti prayers 58 3.6. The Hamazor 59 3.7. The benediction, or prayer for health (tan-dorosti) 59 3.8. From a general confession, Patet i Khwad 60 4. Rules and observances 61 4.1. The cult of fire 61 4.2. Concerning human ’nasa’ and the proper disposal of the dead 64 4.3. On ’taking the baj’ 66 4.4. Festivals 67 5. The life and legend of Zarathustra 71 5.1. Passages from Younger Avestan texts 71 5.2. Passages from the Zand of lost Avestan texts 72 5.3. Kavi Vishtaspa and the early wars of the faith 77 6. The fate of the soul at death, and a vision of heaven and hell 80 6.1. The fate of the soul, from Younger Avestan texts 80 6.2. The fate of the soul, from Pahlavi sources 82 6.3. A vision of heaven and hell, from Arda Viraz Namag 84 7. Apocalyptic texts 90 7.1. On the coming of the Saoshyant, from Yasht 19 90 7.2. On the three World Saviours, from the Zand 90 7.3. On the seven ages of the world, and the coming of the Saviours, from the Zand of Vahman Yasht 91 7.4. On Yima’s var, from Vendidad 2 94 8. A Zoroastrian heresy: Zurvanism 96 8.1. A citation from Theopompus 96 8.2. Versions of the myth of Zurvan and his twin Sons 97 9. Dogmatic passages from ninth-century Pahlavi books 99 9.1. From ’Selected Precepts of the Ancient Sages’ 99 9.2. From Shkand-gumanig Vizar, the ’Doubt-dispelling Exposition’ 101 10. Historical texts 104 10.1. From the Achaemenian period 104 10.2. From the Parthian period 108 10.3. From the Sasanian period 109 10.4. Passages concerning the Arab conquest and the early centuries of Islam 115 10.5. Concerning the Irani and Parsi communities, fifteenth to eighteenth centuries A. C. 117 10.6. From the reports of Europeans, seventeenth to eighteenth centuries 123 11. The faith in modern times: the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 132 11.1. From nineteenth-century European writings on Zoroastrian dualism 132 11.2. Passages from Parsi theosophical writings 135 11.3. Writings by moderate and radical reformists 139 11.4. Tradition in belief and practice 144 11.5. Matters of controversy 153 11.6. Restatements and reappraisal 157 Bibliography 161 Glossarial index 165
890			_aIndia
891			_aGratis
942			_2ddc
999			_c70969 _d70969
650			_aStepwells _aPahlavi literature _aAvestan language
650			_aLandscape gardening
650			_aIndia