000			03649 a2200157 4500
020			_a9780748400400
082			_a612.01446 _bPAR
100			_aParsons, K. C. _990210
245			_aHuman thermal environments : the effects of hot, moderate and cold environments on human health, comfort and performance the principles and the practice
260			_aLondon _bTaylor & Francis _c1993
300			_axviii,359p.
505			_aContents Preface ix Acknowledgements xi Notation xiii Chapter 1. Human thermal environments 1 Basic parameters 2 The heat balance equation for the human body 9 Example calculation 15 Chapter 2. Human thermal physiology and thermoregulation 21 Introduction 21 The thermophysical properties of the human body 21 Psychological responses 29 Behavioural thermoregulation 33 Body temperature 35 Chapter 3. Psychological responses 37 Introduction 37 Psychological models 39 Thermal sensation 41 Thermoreception 42 Semantics, psychological models and multi-dimensional scaling 49 Mood, aggression, depression and other psychological reactions 50 Discussion 55 Chapter 4. Measurement methods and assessment techniques 57 Introduction 57 Measuring kits and composite instruments 68 Measurement of physiological response 72 Measurement of psychological responses 80 The thermal index - an assessment technique 85 Chapter 5. Metabolic heat production 89 Introduction 89 Where does the heat come from? 89 Units 91 Estimation of metabolic heat production 92 The use of tables and databases 95 Subjective methods 99 Chapter 6. The thermal properties of clothing 103 Introduction 103 A simple clothing model 104 The two-parameter model 111 Determination of the thermal properties of clothing 120 Chapter 7. Thermal comfort 131 Introduction 131 Whole-body thermal comfort 132 Thermal models and thermal comfort 149 Do requirements for comfort apply universally? 153 Chapter 8. Heat stress 159 Introduction 159 Physiological responses to heat 160 Heat stress indices 163 Direct heat stress indices 174 Acclimatization 175 Chapter 9. Cold stress 181 Introduction 181 Physiological responses to cold 181 Psychological responses to cold 183 Chapter 10. Interference with activities, performance and productivity 199 Introduction 199 Early studies: Factory output and accidents 200 Performance models and indices 209 A rational performance model 212 Chapter 11. Human skin contact with hot surfaces 219 Introduction 219 Skin contact with a hot surface - analysis of the event 219 Mathematical models of heat transfer 231 Discussion 243 Chapter 12. International Standards 251 Introduction 251 ISO Standards 251 Other ISO items 273 Standards in the USA 273 Standards in the UK 278 European Standards (CEN) Example of the application of ISO Standards to the 279 assessment of a hot environment Example of the application of international (ISO) 281 standards for the assessment of moderate environments Example of the application of international (ISO) 282 standards for the assessment of cold environments 284 Chapter 13. Thermal models and computer aided design 287 Introduction 287 Thermal models 287 Do models work? 307 Appendix 1 Fundamentals of heat transfer 321 Conduction 321 Radiation 321 Convection 323 Evaporation 325 Appendix 2 Computer program listings for the assessment of heat stress, thermal comfort and cold stress 327 References 337 Index 353
890			_aUK
891			_aFT
942			_2ddc
999			_c69531 _d69531
650			_aArchitecture _aTemperature--Physiological effect _aEnvironmental engineering _aHuman engineering _aAdaptation (Biology)