000			06463nam a2200181Ia 4500
020			_a0582249139
082			_a691.3 _bNEV
100			_aNeville, A. M.
245			_aConcrete technology
250			_aEd.3
260			_aSingapore _bELBS _c1994
300			_axiii,438p.
500			_aCONTENTS Preface xi Acknowledgements xiii 1 Concrete as a structural material 1 What is concrete? 2 Good concrete 3 Composite materials4 Role of interfaces 6 Approach to study of concrete 6 2 Cement 8 Manufacture of Portlandj:ement 8 Basic chemistry of cement 9 Hydration of cement 12 Heat of hydration and strength 13 Tests on cement 15 Fineness of cement 16 Consistence of standard paste 18 Setting time 18 Soundness19 Strength 20 Types of Portland cement 21 Ordinary Portland (Type I) cement 24 Rapid-hardening Portland (Type III) cement 25 Special rapid-hardening Portland cements 27 Low-heat Portland (Type IV) cement 27 Modified (Type II) cement 27 Sulphate-resisting (Type V) cement 27 Portland blast-furnace (Type IS) cement 28 Supersulphated (slag) cement 29 White and coloured Portland cements 30 Portland-pozzolan (Types IP, P and I(PM)) cements 30 Other Portland cements 32 Expansive (or expanding) cements 32 Pozzolans 33 High-alumina cement (HAC) 34 Problems 37 3 Normal aggregate 40 Size classification 41 Petrographic classification 41 Shape and texture classification43 Mechanical properties 46 Bond 46 Strength 47 Toughness 49 Hardness 49 Physical properties 50 Specific gravity 50 Bulk density 52 Porosity and absorption 53 Moisture content 55 Bulking of sand 56 Unsoundness due to volume changes 56 Thermal properties 57 Deleterious substances 58 Organic impurities 58 Clay and other fine material 58 Salt contamination 59 Unsoundness due to impurities 59 Sieve analysis 60 Grading curves 61 Fineness modulus 62 Grading requirements 63 Maximum aggregate size 66 Practical gradings 67 Gap-graded aggregate 70 Problems 71 4 Quality of water 74 Mixing water 74 Curing water 75 Tests on water 76 Problems 76 5 Fresh concrete78 Workability 78 Factors affecting workability 80 Cohesion and segregation 81 Bleeding 82 Workability tests 83 Slump test 83 Compacting factor test 86 Vebetest88 Flow table test 89 Ball penetration test 90 Comparison of tests 91 Density (unit mass or unit weight in air) of fresh concrete 93 Problems 94 6 Strength of concrete 95 Fracture mechanics approach 95 Tensile strength considerations 96 Behaviour under compressive stress 98 Practical criteria of strength 100 Porosity 101 Gel/space ratio 108 Total voids in concrete 109 Pore size distribution 113 Microcracking and stress-strain relation 114 Factors in strength of concrete 117 Water/cement ratio, degree of compaction, and age117 Aggregate/cement ratio 120 Aggregate properties 121 Problems 121 7 Mixing, handling, placing, and compacting concrete 124 Mixers 124 Charging the mixer 126 Uniformity of mixing 126 Mixing time 127 Prolonged mixing 128 Ready-mixed concrete 128 Handling 129 Pumped concrete 131 Placing and compacting 133 Vibration of concrete 137 Internal vibrators 138 External vibrators 139 Vibrating tables 140 Revibration 140 Shotcrete 141 Preplaced aggregate concrete 143 Problems 145 8 Admixtures147 Accelerators 147 Set-retarders 154 Water-reducers (plasticizers) 155 Superplasticizers 156 Other admixtures and additives 160 Mineral additives 160 Bonding admixtures 160 Water-repellent admixtures 160 Problems 161 9 Temperature problems in concreting 163 Hot-weather problems 163 Hot-weather concreting 165 Large concrete masses 168 Cold-weather concreting 170 Problems 175 10 Development of strength 177 Normal curing 177 Methods of curing 179 Influence of temperature 182 Maturity'rule' 185 Steam curing 187 Problems 191 11Other strength properties 193 Relation between tensile and compressive strengths 193 Fatigue strength 195 Impact strength 202 Resistance to abrasion 204 Bond to reinforcement 207 Problems 207 12 Elasticity and creep 209 Elasticity 209 Factors influencing the modulus of elasticity 214 Poisson's ratio215 Creep 215 Factors influencing creep 219 Magnitude of creep 226 Prediction of creep228 Effects of creep 232 Problems 234 13 Deformation and cracking independent of load 237 Shrinkage and spelling 237 Drying shrinkage 239 Carbonation shrinkage 240 Factors influencing shrinkage 242 Prediction of drying shrinkage and swelling 246 Thermal movement 250 Effects of restraint and cracking 254 Types of cracking 255 Problems 259 14 Permeability and durability 262 Permeability 262 Sulphate attack 267 Attack by sea water 271 Acid attack 272 Alkali-aggregate reaction 273 Corrosion of reinforcement 275 Problems 283 15 Resistance to freezing and thawing 285 Action of frost 285 Frost-resistant concrete 287 Air-entraining agents 291 Factors influencing air entrainment 293 Measurement of air content 296 Other effects of air entrainment 297 Problems 299 16 Testing 300 Precision of testing 300 Analysis of fresh concrete 302 Strength tests 303 Compressive strength304 Tensile strength 308 Test cores 311 Accelerated curing 313 Schmidt hammer 318 Penetration resistance 319 Pull-out test 320 Ultrasonic pulse velocity test 321 Other tests 324 Problems 325 17 Compliance with specifications 327 Variability of strength 327 Acceptance and compliance 332 Compliance requirements for other properties 335 Quality control charts 337 Problems 343 18 Lightweight concrete 345 Classification of lightweight concretes 345 Types of lightweight aggregate 346 Properties of lightweight aggregate concrete 349 Aerated concrete 357 No-fines concrete 359 Problems 361 19 Mix design 363 Factors to be considered 364 Water/cement ratio 364 Type of cement 368 Durability 368 Workability and water content 369 Choice of aggregate 373 Cement content 378 Aggregate content 378 Trial mixes 384 American method - Examples 385 Example I 385 Example II 388 British method - Examples 389 Example III 389 Example IV 390 Design of lightweight aggregate mixes 392 Example V 396 Example VI 398 Problems . 400 20 Special concretes 403 Polymer-concrete composites 403 Sulphur-concrete composites 407 Fibre reinforced concrete 409 Ferrocement 414 Roller compacted concrete 415 Very high-strength concrete 415 Problems 417 21 An overview 418 Problems , 420 Relevant American and British Standards 421 Index 431
700			_aBrooks, J. J.
890			_aSingapore
891			_aGRATIS
999			_c6099 _d6099