000			03650 a2200181 4500
999			_c56098 _d56098
020			_a9780415497978
082			_a333.7315 _bADM
100			_aAdams, David _969870
245			_aShaping places : urban planning, design and development
260			_aNew York _bRoutledge _c2013
300			_axxiii,341p.
505			_aList of illustrations xiii Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxiii PART 1 The development context 1 1 Introduction 3 Places matter 3 Themes of the book 6 2 Successful places 9 Introduction 9 Places. design and place-making 11 Places meant for people 15 Well -connected and permeable places 17 Places of mixed use and varied density 22 Distinctive places 24 Sustainable, resilient and robust places 29 The value of urban design 30 Conclusions 36 3 Real estate markets 39 Introduction 39 Property rights 40 The structure of real estate markets 44 The operation of real estate markets 50 Conclusions 60 4 Real estate values and the state 61 Introduction 61 The creation of real estate value 62 The market impact of planning actions 65 Conclusions 72 5 The real estate development process 74 Introduction 74 Models of the development process 75 Development pressure and prospects 76 Development feasibility 79 Implementation 89 Urban land vacancy 92 Actors and market relations 94 Power relations in development 97 Conclusions 102 6 The governance of place 104 Introduction 1 04 Government and governance 106 Governance capacity 121 Policy instruments 130 Conclusions 136 PART 2 Market roles and actors 139 7 Real estate developers 141 Introduction 141 Understanding developers 142 The structure of the development industry 146 Developers and design quality 155 Place and non-place entrepreneurs 160 Conclusions 163 8 Landowners 165 Introduction 165 Understanding landowners 166 Ownership behaviour in the development process 170 Landowners and design quality 175 Conclusions 180 9 Funders and investors 182 Introduction 182 62 Development funding 183 65 Development funders 186 Implications for place quality 190 Conclusions 196 PART 3 Policy instruments 199 10 Shaping markets- making plans and reforming institutions 201 Introduction 201 Challenging default urbanism 202 Making effective plans 208 Reforming the institutional environment 215 Conclusions 221 11 Shaping markets by strategic transformation 222 Introduction 222 Strategic place promotion 226 Strategic place preparation 231 Strategic implementation242 Conclusions 247 12 Regulating markets 249 Introduction 249 Regulation by statute or contract 251 Preventative and directive regulation 252 Regulation of activities or actors 253 Sequential and integrated regulation254 Managerial and absolute regulation 255 Elective and mandatory enforcement 256 Discretionary and pre-defined regulation 257 Planning gain 258 Design codes 261 Regulatory impacts 264 Conclusions 266 13 Market stimulus 268 Introduction 268 Direct state actions 270 Price-adjusting actions 276 Risk-reducing actions 279 Capitol-raising actions 283 Conclusions 285 14 Capacity building 286 Introduction 286 Market-shaping cultures, mindsets and ideas 287 Market-rich information and knowledge 288 Market-rooted networks 289 Market-relevant skills and capabilities 292 Conclusions 295 15 Conclusions 296 The challenge of institutional reform 296 Outcomes matter 297 Reforming processes 298 Reconstructing markets 298 Restocking the tool-box 299 Investing in place 300 Some final questions 300 Notes 302 References 308 Index 328
600			_967792
700			_aTiesdell, Steven _969871
890			_aUSA
891			_aFP
942			_2ddc