000			05376 a2200181 4500
020			_a9788122438130
082			_a691 _bGOW
100			_aGowariker, V. R. & Others _951093
245			_aPolymer science
250			_aEd.2
260			_c2015 _aNew Delhi _bNew Age International (p) Ltd.
300			_axv,395p.
505			_aCONTENTS Acknowledgement vii 1. The Genesis of Polymers 1-10 A Brief History | What are Polymers? 5 How are Polymers Made? 8 Classification of Polymers 9 2. Chemistry of Polymerisation 11-62 Introduction 11 Chain Polymerisation 15 Step Polymerisation 36 Miscellaneous Polymerisation Reactions 46 Polymerisation Techniques 52 3. Molecular Weight and Size 63-77 'Average'Molecular Weight 63 Number-average and Weight-average Molecular Weights 64 Sedimentation and Viscosity-average Molecular Weights 67 Molecular Weight and Degree of Polymerisation 68 Polydispersity and Molecular Weight Distribution in Polymers 68 The Practical Significance of Polymer Molecular Weight 71 Size of Polymer Molecules 73 4. Kinetics of Polymerisation 78-101 Introduction 78 Free-radical Chain Polymerisation 78 Cationic Polymerisation 86 Anionic Polymerisation 89 Polycondensation 91 5.Chemical and Geometrical Structure of Polymer Molecules 102-112 General Remarks on Polymer Microstructure 102 Microstructures Based on the Chemical Structure 103 Microstructures Based on the Geometrical Structure 105 6. Glass Transition Temperature 113-130 What is Glass Transition Temperature? 113 Glassy Solids and Glass Transition 113 Transitions and Associated Properties 119 Factors Influencing the Glass Transition Temperature 123 Glass Transition Temperature and Molecular Weight 126 Glass Transition Temperature and Plasticisers 127 Glass Transition Temperature of Copolymers 128 Glass Transition Temperature and Melting Point 129 Importance of Glass Transition Temperature 129 6.10 Heat Distortion Temperature 130 7. Crystallinity in Polymers 131-145 Crystalline Solids and Their Behaviour Towards X-rays 131 Polymers and X-ray Diffraction 132 Degree of Crystallinity 133 Crystallisability 134 Polymer Crystallisation 134 Crystallites 136 Structural Regularity and Crystallisability 137 Other Factors Affecting Crystallisability 138 Helix Structures 139 Spherulites 140 Polymer Single Crystals 142 Folding of Chains During Crystal Formation 142 Effect of Crystallinity on the Properties of Polymers 144 8. Copolymerisation 146-160 Introduction 146 Free-radical Copolymerisation 147 Ionic Copolymerisation 157 Copolycondensation 159 9. individual Polymers 161-200 Polyethylene 161 Polypropylene 163 Polystyrene 163 Polyacrylonitrile 164 Polymethyl Methacrylate 165 Polyesters 166 Polyformaldehyde 167 Polyparaphenylene 168 Polycarbonates 168 Polysulphone 169 Polyimides 170 Polyamides 171 Polyurethanes 173 Polyureas 173 Polyethylene Glycols and Polypropylene Glycols 174 Polyacrylic Acid 174 Polymethacrylic Acid 175 Polyvinyl Acetate 175 Polyvinyl Alcohol 176 Polyvinyl Acetals 177 Polyvinyl Carbonate 178 Polyvinyl Chloride 178 Polyvinylidene Chloride 179 Polyvinyl Fluoride and Polyvinylidene Fluoride 180 Polytetrafluoroethylene 181 Polyvinyl Carbazole, Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone and Polyvinyl Oxazolidinone 181 Polybutylene and Polyisobutylene 182Polyisoprenes ' 83 Polybutadienes 184 Polychloroprene 186 Polysulphides 186 Phenol-formaldehyde Resin 188 Urea-formaldehyde and Melamine-formaldehyde Resins 190 Epoxy Polymers 193 Silicone Polymers 194 Organotin Polymers 195 Organotitanium Polymers 196 Cellulose and its Derivatives 196 10. Polymer Degradation 201-225 What is Polymer Degradation? 201 Types of Degradation 201 Thermal Degradation 204 Mechanical Degradation 208 Degradation by Ultrasonic Waves 209 Photodegradation 210 Degradation by High-energy Radiation 213 Oxidative Degradation 215 Hydrolytic Degradation 225 11. Polymer Reactions 226-260 Introduction 226 Hydrolysis 227 Acidolysis 228 Aminolysis 228 Hydrogenation 228 Addition and Substitution Reactions 229 Reaction of Various Specific Groups 231 Cyclisation Reactions 236 Cross-linking Reactions 238 Reactions Leading to Graft and Block Copolymers 252 Miscellaneous Reactions 256 12. Polymer Solutions 261-284 The Process of Polymer Dissolution 261 Thermodynamics of Polymer Dissolution 264 The Flory-Huggins Theory of Polymer Solutions 269 Nature of Polymer Molecules in Solution 273 Size and Shape of Macromolecules in Solution 275 Viscosity of Dilute Polymer Solutions 277 Viscosity of Concentrated Polymer Solutions 283 13. Experimental Methods 285-333 Polymer Synthesis 285 Isolation and Purification of Polymers 289 Polymer Fractionation 292 Molecular Weight Determination 300 Molecular Weight Distribution Curve 325 Determination of Glass Transition Temperature 329 14. Elastomeric, Fibre-Forming and Plastic Materials 334-347 Introduction 334 Elastomeric Materials 334 Fibre-forming Materials 336 Plastic Materials 337 Rheology of Polymeric Materials 338 15. Polymer Processing 348-370 Introduction 348 Plastics, Elastomerics and Fibres 348 Compounding 350 Processing Techniques 351 Bibliography 371 Appendix 372 Index 383
600			_939309
890			_aIndia
891			_aFT
942			_2ddc
999			_c44763 _d44763