000			03013 a2200145 4500
020			_a9780140135589
082			_a170 _bMAC
100			_aMackie, J.
245			_aEthics _binventing right and wrong
260			_aNew Delhi _bPenguin Books India (P) Ltd. _c1990
300			_a249,vp.
520			_aPreface 9 PART ONE: THE STATUS or ETHICS 1 The Subjectivity of Values 1 Moral scepticism 15 2 Subjectivism 17 3 The multiplicity of second order questions 19 4 Is objectivity a real issue ? 20 5 Standards of evaluation 25 6 Hypothetical and categorical imperatives 27 7 The claim to objectivity 30 8 The argument from relativity 36 9 The argument from queerness 38 10 Patterns ofobjectification 42 11 The general goal of human life 46 12 Conclusion 48 2 The Meaning of 'Good' 1 The general meaning'of'good' 50 2 'Good' in moral contexts 59 3 Obligations and Reasons 1 'Is'and'ought' 64 2 The meaning of'ought' 73 3 Varieties of reason 77 4 Institutions 80 4 Universalizatioa 1 The first stage ofunioersalization: the irrelevance of numerical differences 83 2 The second stage of unicersaltzation: putting oneself in the other person's place 90 3 The third stage ofuniversalization: taking account ofdifferent tastes and rtooJ ideals 92 4 Subjective elements in universatization 97 PART TWO.* THE CONTENT OF ETHICS 3 The Object of Morality 1 Consequences of moral scepticism 105 2 A device for counteracting limited sympathies 107 3 The form of the device 111 4 Game theory analysis 115 5 The content of the device: conservatism or reform ? 120 6 Utilitarianism 1 Act utilitarianism 125 2 The ethics of fantasy 129 3 Morality in the narrow sense 134 4 Rule utilitarianism 136 5 The'proof of utility 140 6 Utility as desire-satisfaction 145 7 The malleability of morality 146 7 Consequentialism and Deontology 1 Conceptions of the good 149 2 The rationale of universalization 151 3 The need for secondary principles 154 4 Special relationships and the form of moral principles 157 5 Ends and means 159 6 Absolutism and the principle of double effect 160 g Elements of a Practical Morality 1 The good for man 169 2 Egoism, rights, and property 172 3 Liberty 180 4 Truth-telling, lies, and agreements 182 5 How princes should keep faith 184 6 F/r/w? 186 7 The motive for morality 189 8 Extensions of morality 193 9 The right to life 195 10 Conclusion 199 PART THREE: FRONTIERS OF ETHICS 9 Determinism, Responsibility, and Choice 1 Voluntary or intentional actions 203 2 Tfo? straight rule of responsibility 208 3 Causal determinism and human action 215 4 Hard and soft determinism 220 10 Religion, Law, and Politics 1 The theological frontier of ethics 227 2 Contacts and overlaps between morality and law 232 3 Political applications and extensions of morality 235 Notes and References 241 Index 247
890			_aIndia
942			_2ddc
999			_c40667 _d40667