000			06999 a2200157 4500
020			_a9789350591963
082			_a624.15 _bKES
100			_aKesavulu, N. Chenna
245			_aTextbook of engineering geology
250			_a2
260			_c2012 _bMacmillan India Ltd. _aNew Delhi
300			_axiv,45p.
500			_aCONTENTS Preface to the Second Edition vii Preface to the First Edition GEOLOGY 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Main and Allied Branches of Geology 2 1.2 Importance of Geology in Civil Engineering 5 1.3 Scope of Geology 7 GENERAL GEOLOGY 11 Introduction 11 2.1 Geological Agents 12 2.2 Weathering of Rocks 14 2.3 River as a Geological Agent 27 MINERALOGY 39 Introduction 39 3.1 Definition of a Mineral 39 3.2 Definition of a Crystal 41 3.3 Mode of Formation of Minerals 43 3.4 Common Rock-forming Minerals and Their Abundance 44 3.5 Different Methods of Study of Minerals 45 3.6 Significance of Different Physical Properties in Mineral Identification 48 3.7 Diagnostic or Distinguishing Physical Properties 60 COMMON ROCK-FORMING MINERALS 61 Introduction 61 4.1 Types of Rock-forming Minerals 61 4.2 Special Features of Silicate Minerals 61 4.3 Brief Sketch of Common Rock-forming Minerals 65 4.4 Important Details of Common Rock-forming Minerals 68 PETROLOGY 94 Introduction 94 5.1 Shell Structure of the Earth 94 5.2 Definition of a Rock 95 5.3 Classification of Rocks 96 5.4 Sequence of Formation of Different Groups of Rocks 100 5.5 Rock Cycle 101 5.6 Civil Engineering Importance of Petrology 102 6. IGNEOUS ROCKS Introduction 6.1 Forms of Igneous Rocks 6.2 Miscellaneous 6.3 Common Igneous Rocks and Relation of Their Constituent Minerals 6.4 Classification of Igneous Rocks 6.5 Structures and Textures 6.6 Suitability of Igneous Rocks for Constructions 6.7 Megascopic Description of Relatively Common Igneous Rock Types 7. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Introduction 7.1 Sedimentary Rocks on the Earth's Crust 7.2 Classification of Sedimentary Rocks 7.3 Common Structures and Textures of Sedimentary Rocks 7.4 Descriptive Study of Common Sedimentary Rocks 8. METAMORPHIC ROCKS 161 Introduction 161 8.1 Metamorphism 162 8.2 Common Structures and Textures of Metamorphic Rocks 171 8.3 Classification of Metamorphic Rocks 175 8.4 Descriptive Study of Common Metamorphic Rocks 176 9. STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY 190 Introduction 190 9.1 Causes for Development of Structures 191 9.2 Folds 195 9.3 Faults 205 9.4 Joints 219 9.5 Unconformity 222 9.6 Common Symbols to Indicate Some Geological Structures 226 10. IMPORTANCE OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES 227 Introduction 227 10.1 Effects of Folding and Their Civil Engineering Importance 228 10.2 Effects of Faulting and Their Civil Engineering Importance 232 10.3 Effects of Joints and Their Civil Engineering Importance 236 11. GROUND WATER 240 Introduction 240 11.1 Sources of Ground Water Supply 241 11.2 Advantages of Using Ground Water 242 11.3 Distribution of Rainfall 244 11.4 Porosity and Permeability 245 1L5 Classification of Rocks Based on Porosity and Permeability 248 11.6 Water Table and Types of Ground Water 250 11.7 Geological Controls on Ground Water Movement 253 11.8 Fluctuation of the Water Table Level in Unconfined Aquifers 254 11.9 Ground Water Potential in Different Parts of India 256 11.10 Ground Water Exploration 257 11.11 Effects of Excessive Tapping of Ground Water 260 11.12 Waterlogging 260 12. STRATIGRAPHY 261 Introduction 261 12.1 Aims of Stratigraphic 262 12.2 Principles of Stratigraphic 262 12.3 Geological Time Scale 264 12.4 Geological Divisions of India 267 12.5 Major Stratigraphical Units of India 268 12.6 Importance of the Study of Stratigraphic from the Civil Engineering Point of View 284 13. EARTHQUAKES 285 Introduction 285 13.1 Earthquake Terminology 286 13.2 Classifications and Causes of Earthquakes 286 13.3 Seismic Belts and Shield Areas 288 13.4 Earthquakes and Faulting 288 13.5 Earthquake Waves 289 13.6 Intensity of Earthquakes 290 13.7 Magnitude of the Earthquakes 291 13.8 Locating the Epicentre of an Earthquake 293 13.9 Determining the Depth of the Focus of an Earthquake 294 13.10 Effects of Earthquakes 294 13.11 Civil Engineering Considerations in Seismic Areas 295 13.12 Plate Tectonics and Earthquake Distribution 298 14. LANDSLIDES 300 Introduction 300 14.1 Importance of Landslides 300 14.2 Classification of Earth Movements 301 14.3 Causes of Landslides 303 14.4 Effects of Landslides 306 14.5 Preventive Measures for Landslides 306 15. GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS 308 Introduction 308 15.1 Branches of Geophysics 308 15.2 Necessity of Geophysical Investigations 309 15.3 Principles of Exploration Geophysics 311 15.4 Classification of Geophysical Methods 312 15.5 Well-logging 329 16. GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IMPORTANCE 331 Introduction 331 16.1 Electrical Resistivity Method 332 16.2 Seismic Refraction Method 345 17. ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF ROCKS 356 Introduction 356 17.1 Different Engineering Property Tests for Rocks 357 17.2 Tests for Rocks Used as Foundation Sites of Constructions 358 17.3 Tests for Rocks Used as Building Stones 362 17.4 Tests for Rocks Used as Aggregates 371 18. DAMS 376 Introduction 376 18.1 Importance of Geology in Dam Construction 377 18.2 A Dam and Its Parts 380 18.3 Types of Dams and Bearing of Geology of Site in Their Selection 381 18.4 Purposes of Dams 383 18.5 Geological Considerations in the Selection of a Dam Site 384 18.6 Stages of Investigation in the Selection of a Dam Site 396 18.7 Case Histories 398 19. RESERVOIRS 411 Introduction 411 19.1 Considerations for Successful Reservoirs 412 19.2 Capacity of the Reservoir 412 19.3 Effect of Evaporation 412 19.4 Water-tightness and Influencing Factors 413 19.5 Reservoir Silting 420 19.6 Seismic Activity in Reservoir Areas 425 19.7 Landslide Occurrences 425 20. TUNNELS 427 Introduction 427 20.1 Purposes of Tunnelling 428 20.2 Effects of Tunnelling on the Ground 429 20.3 Lining of Tunnels 429 20.4 Economical Aspects of Tunnelling 430 20.5 Geological Considerations for Successful Tunnelling430 20.6 Overbreak 440 20.7 A Few Examples of Tunnels of Interest and Importance 441 Bibliography 443 Index 445
890			_aIndia
942			_2ddc
999			_c38740 _d38740