000			09775nam a2200133Ia 4500
020			_a8121917808
082			_a624.11 _bDE,
100			_aDe, Alak
245			_aPlane surveying
260			_aNew Delhi _bS. Chand & Co. Ltd. _c2007
300			_axv,664p.simple curve; 30. Identification of tangent points; 31. Complete setting out works for a curve; 32. Methods of setting out of curves; 33. Methods based on linear measurements only; 34. Methods of ordinates from long chord; 35. Field book recording of the method of ordinates from long chord; 36. Method of successive bisection of chords; 37. Method of offsets from chords produced; 38. Method of ordinates from tangent; 39. Method of radial offsets from tangent; 40. Approximations in setting out methods; 41. Suitability of setting out methods using linear measurements only; 42. Men, equipments and accessories; 43. Methods based on linear and angular measurements; 44. Rankine's method; 45. Method of defelction angle at intersection point; 46. Method of setting out by deflection angle and offset at intersection point; 47. EDM-Optical theodolite method; 48. Tacheometric method; 49. Men, equipments and accessories; 50. Suitability of setting out method using linear and angular measurements; 51. Setting out method using angular measurements only; 52. Double theodolite method; 53. Double theodolite method from either of t-c or c-t points and the intersection point; 54. Men, equipments and accessories; 55. Suitability of method using angular measurements only; 56. Problems of setting out works; 57. Chainage of tangent points; 58. Setting out works with t-c point inaccessible; 59. c-t point inaccessible; 60. Obstacles in chaining; 61. Setting out of curve from an intermediate point; 62. Transiting is not advised; 63. Tangent shifted laterally; 64. Tangent rotated through an angle; 65. Curve passing through a particular point; 66. Curve tangential to three lines; 67. Compound curve and its necessity; 68. Introduction of a compound curve; 69. Elements of the compound curve; 70. Tangent length; 71. Setting out of compound curve; 72. Geometrical solution to the setting out of a compound curve; 73. Reverse curve and its use; 74. Backward and forward tangent; 75. Setting out of reverse curve; 76. Field solution to reverse curve setting out problem; 77. Deviation curve; 78. Elements; 79. Field solution of diversion problem; 80. Setting out of curve; 81. Setting out of diversion curve; 82. Transition curve; 83. No slip condition; 84. No overturning condition; 85. No slip condition dictates; 86. Cant; 87. Derivation of superelevation; 88. Reduction in angle of slope of banking by the friction of the road surface; 89. Reduction in superelevation; 90. Length of transition curve; 91. Method of arbitrary space rate of variation of superelevation; 92. Method of arbitrary time rate variation; 93. Method of uniform rate of change of centrifugal acceleration; 94. Three methods compared; 95. Speeding velocity less than designed speed; 96. Ideal transition curve; 97. Ideal curve equations; 98. Equation of ideal curve in terms of / and (|> ; 99. Cartesian coordinates of a point on ideal curve; 100. Polar distance and polar angle of a point on the cruve; 101. Appreciation of different equations; 102. Minimum radius on cubic parabola; 103. Length along cubic parabola; 104. Lemniscate; 105. Radius curvature at any point; 106. Lemniscate is an approximated clothoid; 107. Dawson's empirical formula; 108. Transition curves in railways and highways; 109. Cubic parabola and lemniscate as transition curve; 110. Transitting from straight to circular curve; 111. Shift; 112. The length of tangent; 113. Length of the curve; 114. Transitting to minimum radius; 115. Setting a point on cubic parabola; 116. L, R and R/L ratio; 117. Problem of using lemniscate; 118. Point of commencement of lemniscate; 119. 'C' for lemniscate fit; 120. Tangent length; 121. Polar coordinates; 122. The radius of curvature at any point on lemniscate; 123. Table for R/C, L/C and R/L along lemniscate; 124. Fitting circular arc with lemniscate; 125. Spiralling into arcs; 126. Shift of transition with curve y = Cx ; 127. Shift with lemniscate; 128. Spiralling through arcs fo reverse curvatures; 129. Methods of setting out transition curve; 130. Setting out curve from intermediate point; 131. Setting out of transition curve; 132. Vertical curve; 133. Grades; 134. Grade intersections; 135. Rounding of sharp intersection of grades; 136. Curve for rounding is a parabola; 137. Parabola connecting grade profiles; 138. Summit curve and valley curve; 139. Vertical distance between the grade profile and the curve; 140. Vertex of the curve; 141. Vertex of the curve for unequal tangent lengths; 142. Vertical distance between the grade profile and curve for unequal tangent lengths; 143. Sight distance and minimum sight distance; 144. Sight distance in summit and valley curves; 145. Sight distance across summit curvature; 146. S-L relationship of summit curve for S < L; 147. S-L relationship of summit curve for 5 > L; 148. S-L relationship for valley cruve for S < L; 149. S-L relationship for valley curve for S < L; 150. S-L relationship of valley curve for S > L; 151. Hair-pin bend; 152. Hiar-pin bend an important curve in hilly region; 153. Design of hair-pin bend; 154. Design of hair-pin bend from the given data; 155. Setting out of hair-pin bend; 156. Minimum length of 'Hair-pin bend Chapter Review Problems (508-510) Solution to the Problems (510-523) 14.INSTRUMENTS 524-560 1. Proportional compass; 2. Beam compass; 3. Hand level; 4. Determination of level with a 'Hand level'; 5. Adjustment; 6. Burel hand level; 7. Determination of level with 'Burel hand level'; 8. Pantagraph; 9. Principle of working of Pantagraph; 10. Reduction and enlargement; 11. Ediograph; 12. Adjustment; 13. Setting up of ediograph; 14. Principle of sextant; 15. Composition of sextant; 16. Box sextant, Nautical sextant, Sounding sextant; 17. Necessity of adjustment; 18. Contrivance for horizontal glass adjustment; 19. Index error; 20. Setting of the plane of the horizontal glass perpendincular to the plane of sextant; 21. Elimination of 'Index error'; 22. Setting the line of sight parallel to the plane of sextant; 23. Parallax error and its elimination; 24. Determination of index error; 25. Uses of sextant; 26. Measuring an angle between two points; 27. Vertical angle between two points; 28. Determination of altitude of a point; 29. Setting out a given angle; 30. Box sextant used as optical square; 31. Locating an intersection point; 32. Locating point by ra- diation; 33. Horizontal equivalent of an oblique angle; 34. Ceylon ghat tracer; 35. Setting points on given gradient; 36. Gradient between two points; 37. Clinometers; 38. Abney clinometer; 39. Angle of elevation and depression; 40. Setting points on grade contour; 41. Testing and adjustment of Abney clinometer; 42. Tangent clinometer; 43. Determination of level of a point; 44. Testing and adjustment of tangent clinometer; 45. De Lisle clinometer; 46. Measurement of slope; 47. Setting out a point on a gradient; 48. Foot Rule clinometer; 49. Measurement; 50 Fennel's clinometer; 51. Watkin's mirror clinometer; 52. Ray shade clinometer; 53. Gradiometer; 54. Compass; 55. Spirit level; 56. Site square; 57. Parallel plate micrometer; 58. Levels; 59. Compensators; 60. Examples of compensators; 61. Some levels from National instruments Limited, Calcutta; 62. Some Automatic levels from NIKON Corporation, Japan; 63. Some theodolites from National Instruments Limited, Calcutta, 64. NITC-20, Micro optic theodolite from National Instruments Limited, Calcutta; 65. Special features and detailed specifications of NITC-20; 66. Optical plummet; 67. Autocollimator; 68. Lumiguide; 69. Geodimeter; 70. Tellurometer. Chapter Review Problems (558-559) Solutions to the Problems (559-560) 15.UNDERGROUND SURVEYING 561-592 1. Underground surveying; 2. Examples; 3. Situations in the workings; 4. Necessary modifications; 5. Orientation; 6. Methods; 7. Geometric method; 8. Magnetic method; 9. Optical method; 10. Gyroscopic motion; 11. Reduction of 'precession'; 12. Gyro-compass; 13. Gyroscopic orientation; 14. Preparation for necessary measurements; 15. Station markings; 16. Permanent station markings; 17. Temporary station-markings; 18. Station identification; 19. Equipments and accessories; 20. Theodolite in underground surveying; 21. Correction to the horizontal angle measured with horizontally eccentric telescope; 22. Correction to vertical angle measured with a vertically eccentric telescope; 23. Theodolite usable in both upright and inverted positions; 24. Theodolilte carrying horizontally eccentric telescope; 25. Centering error; 26. Error due to theodolite centering error and signal centering error; 27. Methods of centering; 28. Mechanical plummets; 29. Centering with mechanical plummet; 30. Optical centering; 31. Automatic centering; 32. Signal and illumination; 33. Light plummet; 34. Connection survey; 35. Horizontal connection survey; 36. Horizontal connection survey through an 'adit' or 'incline'; 37. Horizontal connection survey through a single shaft; 38. Horizontal connection through suspended wires; 39. Difficulties with the suspended wires; 40. Method of 'Weisbach triangle'; 41. Horizontal connection through two vertical shafts preferred; 42. Horizontal connection through two vertical shafts; 43. Vertical connection survey; 44. Vertical connection through a vertical shaft; 45. Corrections to transferred level; 46. Azimuth of alignment through triangulation; 47. Levelling in underground working; 48. Differential levelling; 49. Trigonometric levelling in underground w\2
890			_aIndia
999			_c25546 _d25546