CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES v FOREWORD vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ix 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Methodology 2 1.3 Structure of this paper 4 2 KEY ISSUES 5 2.1 Energy use in buildings 5 2.2 Trends in energy use and CHG emissions and scenarios for the future 5 2.3 Barriers to the implementation of EE and renewable energy measures 6 2.4 Climate mitigation policies as drivers of technology deployment 7 3 SUB-SECTORS 10 3.1 Insulation 10 3.2 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (HVAC-R) 16 3.3 Specific Technologies and Components 20 3.4 Lighting 23 3.5 Active Collection and Transformation of Solar Energy in Buildings 26 3.6 Household Stoves 31 3.7 Appliances 32 3.8 Aggregated Trade in Products with Single Environmental End-Use 33 4 CONCLUSIONS 36 ENDNOTES 39 REFERENCES 46 ANNEX I: TOP EXPORTERS AND IMPORTERS IN SUBGROUPS 48 ANNEX II: IMPORTS OF SELECTED PRODUCTS 58 ANNEX III: APPLIED AND BOUND TARIFFS FOR SELECTED PRODUCTS 66