CONTENTS 1. Background Study 1 1.1. Global Warming 1 1.2. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: Kyoto Protocol Develoment 1 1.2.1. Background 1 1.2.2. COP-1, Berlin 1 1.2.3. COP-3 Kyoto, Japan 2 1.2.4. Emissions Reductions 2 1.2.5. COP-4, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Developing Country Responsibilities 3 1.2.6. Emissions Trading and Joint Implementation 3 1.2.7. COP-6 Negotiations, The Hague 3 1.2.8. COP-7 Marrakech, Morocco 4 1.3. Solar Power in India 4 1.3.1. Importance and relevance of solar energy for India 4 1.4. Policy Level Interventions in Electricity Sector 5 1.4.1. The Electricity Act, 2003 5 1.4.2. National Electricity Policy, 2005 6 1.4.3. Tariff Policy, 2006 6 1.4.4. National Action Plan on Climate Change 6 1.4.5. Gujarat Solar Power Policy-2009 7 1.4.6. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission 7 1.4.7. GERC Solar Tariff Order, 2010 8 1.4.8. Solar Tariff Orders in Other States 8 1.5. Research Objectives 9 1.6. Analytical Framework 10 2. Technology Overview 11 2.1. Technology for Solar power plants 11 2.1.1. Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) technologies 11 2.1.2. Power Generation from Solar Photovoltaic Power 11 2.1.3. Finance related parameters of PV power plant 13 2.1.4. Solar thermal power plants 14 2.2. Radiation 16 2.2.1. Solar radiation basics and definition 16 2.2.2. Definitions and terminology 16 2.2.3. Measurement of Solar Radiation 17 2.3. Losses in PV Solar systems 18 3. Policy Review 19 3.1. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) 19 3.1.1. Levelized tariffs 19 3.1.2. Incentives 20 3.1.3. Exceptions 20 3.1.4. Off-grid/Decentralized Solar 20 3.1.5. Standalone Solar PV and Solar CSP power systems 21 3.1.6. Other small solar systems 21 3.1.7. Agencies involved in the scheme's Implementation 22 3.2. Solar Policy 2009 22 3.2.1. Objectives 22 3.2.2. Operative Period 22 3.2.3. Installed Capacity 22 3.2.4. Capacity Cap 23 3.2.5. Renewable Purchase Obligation 23 3.2.6. Eligibility 23 3.2.7. Qualifying Criteria 23 3.2.8. Process of Allotment 24 3.2.9. Restriction for use of Fossil Fuel 24 3.2.10. Transmission and Wheeling Charges 24 3.2.11. Cross Subsidy Surcharge 24 3.2.12. Electricity Duty 24 3.2.13. Exemption from Demand Cut 24 3.2.14. Tariff for Solar PV & Solar Thermal Power Projects 25 3.2.15. Security Deposit 25 3.2.16. Plant and Machinery 25 3.2.17. Metering of Electricity 25 3.2.18. Grid Connectivity and Evacuation 25 3.2.19. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Benefit 25 3.3. Comparative Study of Solar Policy of Gujarat with other Policies 26 3.3.1. Bidding process for Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission 26 3.3.2. Bidding process for Gujarat Solar Policy 26 3.3.3. Solar Power Development in Rajasthan 27 3.3.4. Solar Power Development in Karnataka 28 3.4. State solar policy comparison (Gujarat, Karnataka and Rajasthan) 29 4. Solar Power Developments in Gujarat 32 4.1. 500MW Solar Park, Charanka 32 4.2. Gandhinagar (Solar) Photovoltaic Rooftop Programme 35 4.2.1. Benefits for property owner 36 4.3. Solar Power Generation Scenario 37 5. Issues and Advantages for Solar Power Development in Gujarat: Developer's View 41 5.1. Policy and Regulatory Aspect 42 5.2. Technology Aspects 43 5.3. Solar Radiation Data Aspect 43 5.4. Infrastructure Aspects 44 6. Conclusions 48 Bibliography 50 Annexure 52 Annexure 1 52 Annexure 2 54