CONTENTS Executive Summary . V List Of Tables . Xvi List Of Figures Xvii List Of Charts. Xviii 1 Introduction . 1 1.1 Background Of The Study 2 1.2 Need Of The Study . 4 1.3 Aim 4 1.4 Objectives 4 1.5 Research Questions . 5 1.6 Scope And Limitations . 5 1.7 Methodology 6 1.7.1 Detailed Study Framework 7 2 Literature Review . 8 2.1 Concepts Of Tourism . 9 2.1.1 Evolution Of Tourism 9 2.1.2 Trends In Tourism: Mass And Alternative Tourism . 10 2.1.3 Sustainability As A Key Element In Development Of Future Generations 11 2.1.4 Impacts Of Tourism . 11 Environmental Impacts 12 2.1.5 Sustainable Tourism 14 2.1.6 Principles Of Sustainable Tourism Development 16 2.1.7 Sustainable Tourism Tools . 16 2.2 Tourism And Development . 19 2.3 Demand And Supply Aspects Of Tourism . 19 2.3.1 Effective Or Actual Demand 19 2.3.2 Suppressed Demand 20 2.3.3 No Demand . 20 2.4 The Concept Of Carrying Capacity . 20 2.4.1 Physical/ Environmental Carrying Capacity . 21 2.4.2 Social Carrying Capacity . 21 2.4.3 Economic Carrying Capacity . 21 2.4.4 Infrastructure Carrying Capacity 21 2.4.5 Management Capacity 21 2.5 Baseline Issues And Indicators Of Sustainable Tourism . 21 2.6 Tourism Planning Approach . 25 2.7 Tourism Scenario In India 26 2.7.1 Introduction . 26 2.7.2 Tourism In India – Present Scenario. 26 2.7.3 Initiatives To Boost Tourism 27 2.7.4 Future Prospects 28 2.8 Good Practices . 29 2.8.1 Case Study 1 Kerala- Gods Own Country 30 2.8.2 Case Study 2 Kaikoura, New Zealand 33 2.8.3 Case Study 2 Costa Rica‟S Tourism Policy 38 3 Tourism In Goa . 41 3.1 Introduction Of Goa 42 3.1.1 History . 42 3.1.2 Physiography & Climate . 42 3.1.3 Demography 43 3.2 Goa Tourist Scenario And Profile . 43 3.2.1 Tourist Attractions In Goa 45 3.2.2 Institutional Framework 53 3.3 Tourism Trends . 54 3.3.1 Seasonal Trends In Tourist Arrivals In Goa 56 3.4 Survey Methodology . 57 3.4.1 Survey Design Concept . 58 3.4.2 Geographical Extent Of Survey. 58 3.4.3 Survey Design And Survey Period 59 4 Tourism Characteristics And Situation Anylysis 61 4.1 Baga- Calangute Circuit Profile (Survey Area) 62 4.1.1 Location . 62 4.1.2 Connectivity . 63 4.1.3 Who Are The Stakeholders? . 63 4.2 Tourist Profile Characteristics . 64 4.2.1 Tourists Distribution Based On Purpose Of Visit 64 4.2.2 Tourist Distribution Based On The Group Size . 65 4.2.3 Tourist Distribution Based On Average Duration Of Stay 65 4.2.4 Tourist Distribution Based On The Expenditure Pattern 65 4.2.5 Tourist Distribution Based On The Number Of Visits 66 4.2.6 Choice Of Mode Of Transport 67 4.2.7 Tourist Distribution Based On The Type Of Accommodation 68 4.2.8 Satisfaction Levels Of Tourists . 68 4.3 Tourist Infrastructure (Accommodation Scenario) 70 4.3.1 Future Tourists Projections And Bed Demand 71 4.4 Problems Faced And Suggestions For Improvement 71 4.5 Observation And Conclusions . 72 4.6 Current State Of Destination- Situation Analysis 72 4.7 Infrastructural Issues . 73 4.7.1 Water Supply 73 4.7.2 Sewerage . 74 4.7.3 Solid Waste Management 77 4.8 Environmental Issues . 79 4.8.1 Sand Dune Degradation 79 4.8.2 Sand Erosion 80 4.9 Planning/ Management Issues 82 4.10 Swot Analysis . 84 4.11 Swot Analysis For Regional Destination 85 4.12 Issues Facing Tourism Development 86 4.13 Conclusion 87 5 Strategies For Sustainable Tourism Development . 89 5.1 Vision . 92 5.2 Proposed Strategic Interventions 93 5.2.1 New Tourism Policy . 93 5.2.2 Dispersal Of Tourism Activities Throughout The State. 93 5.2.3 Tourism Products Diversification. 93 5.2.4 Infrastructure Improvement And Development. 94 5.2.5 Regional Connectivity. . 94 5.2.6 Institutional Restructuring And Capacity Building. 95 5.2.7 Tourism Specific Human Resource Development. Error! Bookmark Not Defined. 5.2.8 Creation Of Employment Opportunities. Error! Bookmark Not Defined. 5.2.9 New Marketing Strategy . 95 5.2.10 Promotion Of Lesser Known Destinations And Sites. 95 5.2.11 Cluster Promotion And Marketing. . 95 5.3 Swot Analysis For Each Development Strategy . 96 5.4 Action Plan . 98 5.5 Conclusion . 103 5.6 Further Scope Of The Study 104 6 Bibliography 105 Annexure