CONTENTS Abstract Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 1.1 Premises of study 1.2 Research questions 1.3 Relevance of the study 1.4 Aim 1.5 Objective 1.6 Scope and limitation 1.7 Methodology 2. Understanding the context 2.1 Early Settlement 2.2 Whare puni (Sleeping House) 2.3 Kāuta (Kitchen) and Pātaka (Storeroom) 2.4 Māori Timeline 2.5 Architectural Typology 2.6 Religious Influence 2.7 Early Churches 2.8 Socio-cultural influences 2.9 Wharenui (Meeting House) 2.10 Marae 2.11 Marae and its people 3. Case Study 3.1 Parameters for the study 3.2 Traditional Marae i) Te Pooti Marae ii) Ngā tai-e-rua Marae, Tuakaua iii) Kokohinau Marae, Teteko, Bay of Plenty iv) Mataatua Marae, Auckland v) Wharekawa Marae, Whakatiwai 3.3 Urban Marae i) Papakura Marae, Papakura ii) Orekai Marae, Auckland iii) Hoani Waititi, Auckland iv) Waipapa Marae, Auckland University v) Te Noho Katahitanga Marae, UNITEC 4. Comparative Analysis 5. Conclusion Glossary References Illustration References