Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Urban Transport Modes and Trends. 1 2. Setting of Intermediate Public Transport in Urban Environment 4 2.1 Defining Intermediate Public Transport (IPT). 4 2.2 IPT - Global Overview and in Indian Context. 4 2.3 Classification of IPT modes. 5 2.4 Benefits of IPT as a mode 6 2.5 Importance of IPT in Indian Cities : Focus on Autorickshaw Services 8 2.6 Current Policy Focus for Autorickshaws in Indian Cities. 11 2.6.1 Policy focus on Autorickshaw Services 12 2.7 Core issues and challenges faced by the Autorickshaw services 14 2.8 Problem Identification and Need of the study 16 3. Research Methodology 17 3.1 Research Aim 17 3.2 Research Objectives 17 3.3Research Methodology 18 4. Study of Autorickshaw as an IPT mode as a System in three selected cities 19 4.1 City selection criterias 19 4.2 Stakeholder Involvement 20 4.3 Market Regulations 22 4.4 Ahmedabad City Characteristics 25 4.5 Nadiad City Characteristics 28 4.6 Surat City Characterisitics. 30 5. Data Analysis and Interpretation 33 5.1 Driver Survey. 33 5.2 User Survey 41 5.3 Perspective of Local Authorities on the Autorickshaw Sector 46 5.4 Survey Conclusions 47 6. Improving Urban Mobility - Possibilities of organizing Autorickshaw Services in Indian Cities 49 6.1 Case studies - Best practices followed worldwide in organizing, formalizing and integrating IPT 49 6.2 Strategies for organizing, formalizing and enhancing the Autorickshaw Services. 56 6.3 Policy recommendations. 61 6.4 Conclusion. 63 Annexures 64 Bibliography 70