CONTENTS Foreword .xi Acknowledgments xv The Authors xvii Introductionxxi SECTION ISurfing the Green Wave Chapter 1Problem Drivers and Indicators3 Climate Change3 Population Increase. .6 Rapidly Developing Nations and Resource Depletion 7 Environmental Degradation and Loss of Biodiversity8 Government Agencies, Mandates, and Guidelines8 Global Agencies, Mandates, and Guidelines 9 Kyoto Protocol 10 European Environment Agency (EEA)11 U.S. Agencies, Mandates, and Guidelines 11 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)11 California's AB32 12 Western Climate Initiative (WCI) 13 The Eastern States Standard 13 U.S. Conference of Mayors14 Bottom-up Demand from Project Stakeholders, Sponsors, and Customers 14 Endnotes16 Chapter 2 Green Project Terminology: The Language of the Green Wave 17 Carbon Footprint and Sustainability 17 The Environmental Lens20 The Cycle of Sustainability 20 Cradle to Cradle .21 The Natural Step .22 Corporate Social Responsibility and the Green Project Manager.23 Biodegradable 25 Greenwashing 26 Triple Bottom Line 28 Eco Audit28 Reduce, Redesign, Reuse, Recycle 29 Renewable Energy30 Wind,30 Solar 30 Geothermal 31 Sustainable Biomass 32 Wave Motion and Tides. 35 SMARTER Objectives .35 Endnotes. 37 Chapter 3Understanding Green Project Fundamentals39 Green, Quality, and Greenality .39 Reducing Nonproduct Output 43 The Project Management Institute and Greenality 45 Cost of Greenality .47 Project Life Cycle Thinking.48 Project Cycle of Sustainability 49 Environmental Scope50 Environmental Risks 50 Stakeholders 51 Endnotes51 Chapter 4 Types of Projects: A Rainbow of Green 53 Green by Definition 54 Green by Project Impact (or the Lack Thereof ) 60 On the Sea 60 Going Underground.61 Green by Product Impact 62 Green-General. 65- A Rainbow of Green 66 Endnotes 66 SECTION IIHiking the Project Chapter 5 Project Ideation 71 Why Are Projects Initiated? 72 How Are Projects Chosen? 74 Decision-Making Tools and the Green Component. 75 Creating the Green-Friendly Decision-Making Environment . 75 Changing the Way People Think about Green .76 Decision-Making Tools 77 Reverse Brainstorming78 Force Field Analysis.79 Cost-Benefit Analysis 79 Validation of the Decision 81 Creating a Green Charter. 82 The Initial Project Kickoff Meeting .83 Acting on the Idea. 84 Tools and Techniques 84 Greenality of Project Communications .85 The Spirit of the Communication 85 Jeopardy and Escalation Processes. 86 Greenality of Suppliers .87 Endnotes.88 Chapter 6 Developing the Project 89 Project Planning 89 Sustainability and the WBS 95 Who and What Are Required for the Project 96 Greening the People.. 96 Greening the Schedule.97 Greening the Project Purchasing (Procurement) Process100 Greening Project Costs 102 Greening Project Quality 103 Transcendent Greenality104 Product-Based Greenality.106 User-Based Greenality Greenality 106 Value-Based Greenality107 Risk and Greenality 107 Greenality Outputs109 Environmental Management Plan109 Endnotes.110 Chapter 7 Executing the Project. 111 The Project Team 111 The KickofT Meeting (Implementation) 113 Greenality Assurance115 Tracking Project Process 116 Status and Progress Reporting 117 Using Social Media to Green Communications 118 Execution of Greenality Efforts120 Warning Signs of Greenality Problems 122 Greenality of Suppliers123 Capturing Greenality Lessons Learned 124 Endnote124 Chapter 8 Taking the Watch (Monitoring and Controlling) 125 Greenality Data Collection and Analysis 127 Measuring the Performance of Greenality 130 Controlling the Issues131 Keeping on an Even Keel.132 Change Control and Greenality133 Effective Actions to Abate Greenality Issues 136 Corrective 136 Preventative136 Band-Aid139 SECTION IIIApproaching the Finish Line Chapter 9 The Beginning and the End? 145 Heaven on Earth145 Life Cycle Thinking Basics 146 Life Cycle Assessment.149 A Brief History151 Standards for LCA. 153 Carbon Footprinting Based on LCA 154 Performing an LCA.155 How to Promote the Use of an LCA 155 The Life Cycle of the Product of Your Project. 156 LCA Fundamentals 157 ISO 14040. 158 Goal Definition and Scoping . 158 Inventory Analysis 160 A Bar Chart161 Impact Assessment163 Interpretation 167 Reporting the Results170 LCA Software Tools 171 Limitations to Conducting an LCA . 172 Maintaining Transparency172 Chapter 10 Lean Thinking, Muda, and the Four Ls 175 Lean Thinking and Your Project.175 Lean Methods . 177 What Is Lean? 178 Wastes 179 A New Waste?.. 180 The Basic Principles of Lean Development 181 The Seven Wastes of Software Development 181 5S186 Summary - The 4L Approach 188 Endnotes 188 Chapter 11 At the Top of Their Game 189 Patagonia.190 Interface 194 Google196 Office Depot 199 Buying Green 199 Being Green 200 Selling Green. .201 Corporate Social Responsibility 201 Microsoft. 202 What They Do for Us 202 What They Are Doing for Themselves (and Us) 203 General Electric 204 Ecomagination206 Steward Advanced Materials - Home of The Toxin Terminator 206 Sun Chips 207 Solar Collector Technology 207 Summary. 208 Endnotes208 Chapter 12 Enabling Green to Earn You Green 211 Green Government Purchasing- EPA 211 History of the U.S. EPAsEPP 212 Principle 1. Environment + Price + Performance = Environmentally Preferable Purchasing.212 Principle 2. Pollution Prevention 2l3 Principle 3. Life Cycle Perspective/Multiple Attributes 214 Principle 4. Comparison of Environmental Impacts 214 Principle 5. Environmental Performance Grants and Rebates 216 What Is Available? 216 The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) and Green 216 U.S. Department of Energy218 Solar Rebates and More from the State of Florida 220 Energy Providers 221 Energy Audits 222 Actions Undertaken 223 Bank of America 224 Apple Corporation224 Schneider National 224 Lockheed Martin 225 Raytheon 226 University of Michigan 226 Quickies 227 DuPont 228 Portsmouth Brewery 228 The Kohler Company228 Endnotes 229 SECTION IVCrossing the Finish Line Chapter 13 Tips, Tools, and Techniques to Green (A Green Project Manager's Toolbox) 233 Chapter 14 Resource Information 243 Books We Think You Should Read or Reference 243 Suggested Reading on Life Cycle Assessment 243 Collaboration Tools and Resources . 244 Resource for Improving Team Collaboration Using Web-Based Media 245 Green Efforts by Companies and Other Organizations- A Sampler245 Web Sites Worth a Visit and a Stay . 247 Additional Tools and Resources for Green Project Managers . 253 Index . 255