CONTENTS Introduction 01 Aims and Objectives Methodology Structure of Thesis Scopes and Limitations C hapter 1 : Order P art A - A .1 : Order : An Introduction 07 A .2 : Ordering Principles 09 A.2.1 Geometrical Order A.2.2 Axis A.2.3 Hierarchy A.2.4 Reception A.2.5 Proportion and Scale P art B - Order in Islamic World 17 B .1 : Islamic Belief System : Religious Order 17 B.1.1 Five pillars of faith B.1.2 Orientation in the Islamic world B.1.3 Islamic perception of spaces i. Concept of Unity ii. Significance of Void B .2 : Organisational order in Islamic cities 21 B.2.1 Natural Order B.2.1 Geometric Order B.2.1 Harmonic Order B .3 : Ordering principles in Mughal Architecture 25 B.3.1 Geometric Order B.3.2 Orientation B.3.3 Symmetry B.3.4 Axis B.3.5 Hierarchy B.3.6 Articulation of Surface CHAP TER 2 : CASE STUDIES 2.1 : Introduction to Mughal Architecture 35 2.2 : Introduction of Case studies 37 2.2.1 Agra Red Fort 37 2.2.2 Fatehpur sikri Palace complex 39 2.2.3 Delhi Red Fort 41 CHAP TER 3 : ANALYSIS 3.1 Agra 45 3.1.1. Agra fort and city 47 3.1.2. Diwan - e - Amm 49 3.1.3. Diwan - e - Khas 57 3.2. Fatehpur Sikri 65 3.2.1. Fatehpur Sikri palace complex and city 67 3.2.2. Diwan - e - Amm 69 3.1.3. Diwan - e - Khas 77 3.3. Delhi red fort 85 3.3.1. Delhi red fort and city 87 3.3.2. Diwan - e - Amm 89 3.1.3. Diwan - e - Khas 97 Conclusion 105 Illustration Credits 117 Bibliography