CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2 1.1 Introduction to research 2 1.2 Research problem . 3 1.3 Research question . 4 1.4 Aim 4 1.5 Objectives 4 1.6 Scope and limitations 4 1.7 Research Framework 5 2. Literature Review 8 2.1 Definition . 8 Travel Demand 8 Travel Behaviour . 8 Transportation Mode 9 Mode Share 9 Urban Poor 9 2.2 Case study: Bangkok 10 2.3 Urban growth . 12 2.4 Economic growth 14 2.5 Concept of 4 a’s in transportation 15 2.6 Factors affecting affordability 17 2.7 Affordability index 19 2.8 Affordability index for people in the bottom quintile of the income distribution 24 2.9 Mode Choice . 25 2.10 Travel characteristics of Urban Poor . 26 3. INTRODUCTION TO SITE AND URBAN POVERTY 30 3.1 Site Details 30 3.1.1 Introduction -Ahmedabad 31 3.1.2 ADMINSTRATIVE BOUNDARY 32 3.1.3 Urban growth of Ahmedabad 34 3.2 URBAN POVERTY IN INDIA 35 3.3 Slums of Ahmedabad 38 4. DATA COLLECTION 41 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Methodology 42 4.3 Data requirements 42 4.4 Study area selection 43 4.5 Survey Questionnaire 44 4.6 Secondary data 44 5. DATA ANALYSIS 46 5.1 Introduction 46 5.2 Socio-economic characteristics 47 5.3 Travel Characteristics 48 5.3.1 Mode of travel 49 5.3.2 Trip length . 50 5.3.3 Trip cost . 50 5.3.6 Trip Duration 51 5.3.7 Affordability Index 51 5.4 Comparison of travel behaviour of slum and relocated residents 53 6. Conclusion and Recommendations 57 6.1 Conclusion 57 6.2 Recommendations . 59 Bibliography 60