CONTENTS FOREWORD xi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv 1: GLOBAL TRENDS-THE PERFECT STORM Why Brownfield Sites? 3 Why Greening Brownfields? 5 The Global Trends 7 Urbanization and Population 7 Green Building 8 Global Resource Constraints 14 Energy Demand 14 Developed Land 14 Value Creation-Brownfields Remediation and Green Building 15 References 19 2: CONVERGENCE-THE USEPA MEETS THE USGBC 21 The Definition of Brownfields 24 The USEPA Perspective 25 The USGBC Perspective 30 The Global View 30 Summary 32 Green Brownfields Reuse 33 Sustainable Redevelopment Concepts at the Assessment Stage 34 References 35 3: REGULATORY DRIVERS 37 U.S. Regulations 39 U.S. State Regulations 41 The European Union43 Overview 43 EU Country Regulations 45 Asia/Pacific Region 45 China 46 Japan 48 Overview of Regulations 49 Growth of the Japanese Environmental Remediation Market 50 Australia 52 4: INCENTIVES 55 Overview 57 U.S. Federal Programs 59 CERCLA 60 RCRA 68 Other U.S. Federal Programs 69 U.S. State Programs 70 The EU 75 5: FRAMEWORKS FOR GREENING BROWNFIELDS 77 Overview 79 Colorado Brownfields Handbook 79 Ontario Brownfields Toolbox 83 Missouri Roadmap 84 RESCUE Roadmap 84 RE-DESIGN-IT 86 6: LAND PLANNING 91 Introduction 93 Land Planning Strategies95 Transit-Oriented Development 98 Mixed-Use Strategies 100 Urban Growth Boundaries 101 Infill Development 102 Greenways 106 Transfer of Development Rights 112 Open Space Protection 115 Urban Forestry 119 Land Trusts 121 Agricultural Land Protection 123 Solar Access Protection 125 7: GREEN BUILDING 127 Introduction 129 U.S. Legislation and Public Sector Green Building Initiatives 131 USEPA Green Buildings on Brownfields Initiative 133 U.S. Community-Based Green Building Programs 139 National Green Building Programs 144 Emerging Green Building Programs 148 References 148 8: VALUING FINANCIAL RETURN OR BEYOND ASSET CONVERSION 149 Introduction 151 Motivations, Concerns, and Solutions 153 Owner/Operator Motivations 155 Owner/Operator Concerns 157 Owner/Operator Solutions 159 Developer Motivations 161 Surveys 162 Developer Concerns 162 Developer Solutions 163 Government/Public Sector Motivations 164 Government/Public Sector Concerns 166 Government/Public Sector Solutions 167 Approach to Valuing the Financial Return of the Greening of Brownfield Sites 167 Examples of Financial Returns 171 9: CASE STUDIES 177 Introduction 179 Evolutionary Green 180 Atlantic Station 180 Boisbriand, Quebec, Canada-Cherokee Investment Partners 187 Alameda, California-Catellus 190 Treasure Island, California 191 South Waterfront Area-Portland, Oregon 193 Fulton Fish Market, Hunts Point-New York 196 Homebush Bay-Sydney, Australia 197 China 202 The Floating Gardens, Yonging River Park, Taizhou City 202 Hong Kong Wetland Park 202 Revolutionary Green 203 BedZED 203 Implications of BedZED and Scaling the Project 210 The OPL Mata de Sesimbra Project in Portugal 211 Sonoma Mountain Village 216 Via Verde Bronx Development 219 Enterprise Community Partners 222 10: THE NEXT 20 YEARS 225 Introduction 227 The Next 20 Years' Trends 231 Re-Industrialization-Innovation and Creative Destruction 231 Green Affordable Housing and Green Jobs 232 Green Jobs 235 Revolutionary Building Materials237 Serious Materials 237 BAS 239 Calera Corporation 240 Climate Change and Carbon Neutral Cities 241 Reinventing U.S. Cities 248 New Orleans 255 Los Angeles 255 Bronx, New York City 256 Buffalo 256 Chinese Cities-the Urbanization of China 258 Connected Cities 259 Green Commercial Buildings as Brand Symbols 261 Energy and Brownfields 263 Final Thoughts 265 GLOSSARY 267 INDEX299