CONTENTS List of Tables and Figures x Acknowledgements xi Preface to the second edition xiii Introduction xvi 1 Trends in development theory 1 Development in question 1 The status of development theory 2 Meanings of 'development' over time 5 Development is struggle 8 The development field 9 Trends in development theory 11 2Dilemmas of development discourse: The crisis of developmentalism and the comparative method 19 From evolutionism to development 19 Development as redemption 26 The crisis of developmentalism 28 Options 29 From bipolarity to polycentrism 32 The deconstruction of the west 33 3The development of development theory: Towards critical globalism 36 Notions of change 37 Development theories in the plural 41 Modernization revisited 45 Theorizing world development: critical globalism 47 4Delinking or globalization? 54 5The cultural turn in development: Questions of power 64 National culture 65 Local culture 67 Culture/power 70 Add culture and stir 71 Development and cultural liberty 6My paradigm or yours? Variations on alternative development 83 Alternative development 84 Alternative development paradigm 90 Paradigm politics 102 Mainstream development 105 Conclusion 107 7After post-development 110 Problematizing poverty 111 Development = westernization 112 Critique of modernism 113 Development as discourse 115 Alternatives to development 116 Anti-managerialism 117 Dichotomic thinking 118 The politics of post-development 119 Coda 122 8Equity and growth revisited: From human development to social development 125 Social development 128 Redistribution with growth 129 Lessons of East Asia 131 Human development . 133 Lessons of welfare states 135 Social capital 137 Conclusion 140 9Critical holism and the Tao of development 144 Remedying remedies 144 Wholeness, holism 147 Contradictions of modernity 150 Development and high modernism 152 Shortcuts and other remedies 154 Towards the Tao of development 157 10Digital capitalism and development: The unbearable lightness of ICT4D 166 Bridging the digital divide 166 ICT4D as a package deal 169 Digital capitalism -> cyber Utopia 172 ICT4D and development studies 175 ICT4D and development policy 176 11Futures of development 182 Futures of development thinking 182 Development and complexity politics 187 Complexity politics 191 Reconstructions 196 12Twenty-first-century globalization and development 203 Twenty-first-century globalization 203 Turning points 205 New development era 206 Development pluralism 214 International development cooperation 216 After the crisis 217 References 221 Index 246