CONTENTS Foreword xv Study Team and Acknowledgments xvii Contributorsxxi Abbreviations xxv Part 1: Building States from the Bottom Up in Conflict-Affected Countries 1 Deepa Narayan, Denis Nikitin, and Patti Petesch 1 Moving Out of Poverty in Conflict Communities 2 2 First Steps: Security, Law and Order, and Legitimacy 26 3 Democracy: Big D and Little d 52 4 Nation Building from Below: Identity, Unity, and Civic Engagement 96 5 The Economic Environment 128 6 Aid Strategies: Can Chickens and Miserly Handouts Reduce Poverty? 160 7 Concluding Reflections 182 Part 2 : Country Case Studies 191 8 Violence, Forced Displacement, and Chronic Poverty in Colombia 192 Patti Petesch and Vanessa Joan Gray 9 From Milkless Cows to Coconut Trees : Recovery from Ail-Out War in Mindanao, Philippines 248 Katy Hull and Chona Echavez 10 Disturbing the Equilibrium: Movements Out of Poverty in Conflict-Affected Areas of Indonesia 290 Patrick Barron, Sri Kusumastuti Rahayu, Sunita Varada, and Vita Febriany 11 Community Well-Being and Household Mobility in Postconflict Cambodia 338 Cambodia Development Resource Institute 12 Sri Lanka: Unequal Mobility in an Ethnic Civil War 376 Patti Petesch and Prashan Thalayasingam 13 Post-Taliban Recovery and the Promise of Community-Driven Development in Afghanistan418 Deepa Narayan, Emcet Tas, and Philibert de Mercey Part 3 : Technical Appendixes 473 A : Researchers and Institutions Involved in Conflict Country Studies 475 B : Overview of Study Methodology 479 C : Data Collection Methods 505 D : List of Variables for Community Regressions 509 E : Weights for the PCA-Constructed Indexes 513 F: Additional Tables for Part 1 515 Index 533