CONTENTS Abstract i Acknowledgements iii Contents v List of tables viii List of figures x List of abbreviations xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Aim 1 1.3 Objective 2 1.4 Methodology 2 1.5 Scope 2 1.6 Limitations 3 1.7 Natural disasters 3 2 Case studies : Mexico city 4 2.1 History 4 2.2 Spatial Hydrological cycle 6 2.3 Subterranean drainage infrastructure 7 2.4 Identification of Zones and issues 8 2.5 Proposed water management strategies 10 3 Site Introduction 19 1 Introduction to Study region 19 3.2 Change in Open Vs Built up area 20 3.3 Hydrology of Chennai 21 3.4 Flood scenario 23 3.5 Documentation of the Adyar river 26 3.6 Hydrological system of Chennai 28 Study of holding ponds and its scenario during floods 28 3.6.1 Traditional water systems 28 3.6.2 Cases of holding ponds and its scenario during floods 29 4 Site Analysis 33 4.1 Study of natural resources in the study region 33 4.1.1 Delineation of the study region 33 4.1.2 Climate and Rainfall 34 4.1.3 Elevation 34 4.1.4 Land use 36 4.1.5 Soils 37 4.1.6 Hydrology 38 4.1.7 Ground water prospects 39 4.1.8 Geology 40 4.1.9 Geomorphology 41 4.1.10 Hydrogeology 42 4.1.11 Depth to water (Pre monsoon and Post monsoon) 43 4.1.12 Ground Water prospects 44 4.2 Analysis of the Flood situation 45 4.2.1 Soil and Water Assessment 45 4.2.2 Calculation of peak discharge and Time of concentration 46 4.2.3 Hydrological Analysis 48 Calculation of flood index and the most prioritized Sub basin 51 4.2.4 Identification of critical sections in the Sub basin 51 6.2.4.1 Adyar river : Upper 1 52 5 Proposal 60 5.1 Ground Water Recharge Potential 60 5.2 Techniques of artificial recharge of Ground water 61 5.3 Proposal strategies 66 5.4 Conclusion 76 References 78 Appendices 79 A1. Calculation of Daily rainfall based on Gumbel method 79 A2. Calculation of Runoff Volume using SCS Curve Number method 79 A3. SCS Curve numbers for Indian conditions 80 A4. Calculation of run off for existing scenario (S5 Sub basin) 80