CONTENTS Foreword and Dedication iii By Ihsan Mungan and John F. Abel Preface v By Ihsan Mungan and John F. Abel Part I Progress Through the Lens of the IASS 1 1 The Founding of the IASS: Eduardo Torroja and the Context Until 1959 3 By David P. Billington 2 The Decade 1960-1969: The First Ten Years of the IASS 13 By David P. Billington and Edwin M. Segal 3 he Decade 1970-1979: From Shell to Shell and Spatial Structures 33 By Ekkehard Ramm 4 The Decade 1980-1989: The IASS Broadens Activities in Asia 63 By Mamoru Kawaguchi 5 The Decade 1990-1999: Emerging Technologies Meet the New Millennium 89 By Narendra K. Srivastava 6 The Decade 2000-2009: The Start of a New Century 113 By Rene Motro Part II Progress by Structural Types and Topics 145 7 Shells 147 Section 7.1 Concrete Shell Roofs 151 By Edwin M. Segal and David P. Billington Section 7.2 Shell Structures for Power Technology 165 By Wilfried B. Kratzig, Phillip L. Gould and Reinhard Harte Section 7.3 Tanks and Silos 195 By J. Michael Rotter 8 Tension Structures 213 Section 8.1 Tensile Membrane Structures 217 By Ronald E. Shaeffer Section 8.2 Cable Structures 241 By Ken Hichi Kawaguchi Section 8.3 Tensegrity Structures 251 By Rene Motro Section 8.4 Hybrid String Structures 263 By Masao Saitoh 9 Framed and Lattice Structures 293 Section 9.1 Metal Spatial Structures 295 By Shiro Kato and Mamoru Kawaguchi Section 9.2 Timber Spatial Structures 325 By Ihsan Mungan and John Chilian 10 Temporary and Moveable Spatial Structures 345 Section 10.1 Temporary Spatial Structures 349 By Tatsuo Murota Section 10.2 Retractable Roofs 361 By Kazuo Ishii and Narendra K. Srivastava Section 10.3 Deployable Structures 373 By Charts J. Gantes 11 Special Spatial Structures 391 Section 11.1 Glass Structures 395 By Jorg Schlaich and Hans Schober Section 11.2 Footbridges 413 By Mike Schlaich and Annette Bogle Section 11.3 Masts and Towers 435 By Brian Smith and Ulrik Stottrup-Anderson 12 Topics in Spatial Structures 449 Section 12.1 Structural Morphology 451 By Rene Motro Section 12.2 Form-Finding and Morphogenesis 459 By Kai-Uwe Bletzinger Section 12.3 Toward Environmental Compatibility 475 By Ludevit Vegh and Petr Vegh Part III Looking to the Future 483 13 The Future of Spatial Structures 485 By John F. Abel Index of Biosketches for Actors and Authors 491