CONTENTS List of Plates vii Prefaceix Introduction 1 Michael S. Dodson Part I: Constructing Historical Identities for the City 1. City of Negotiations: Urban Space and Narrative in Banaras 17 Madhuri Desai 2. Material Truths and Religious Identities: The Archaeological and Photographic Making of Banaras 42 Sudeshna Githa Part II: Histories Lost and Recovered 3. Hiding in Plain Sight: Gosains on the Ghats, 1809 77 William R. Pinch 4. The Lost and Small Histories of the City of Patronage: Poor Mughal Pensioners in Colonial Banaras 110 Malavika Kasturi Part III: Architecture and Fragments of the Modern City 5. The Shadows of Modernity in Banaras 143 Michael S. Dodson 6. A Hindu Temple of Learning: The Hybridization of Religion and Architecture 170 Leah Renold Part IV: Literature and urban Identity 7. Literary Modernity in the Holy City 195 Vasudha Dalmia 8. The Alleyways of Banaras and The Ka'aba of Hindustan: Varanasi through Banarsi Muslim Poetry 213 Christopher R. Lee Bibliography 234 About the Editor 245 Notes on Contributors 246 Index 247