CONTENTS
Introduction xvii
G. N. Devy
PART I: THE EVOLUTION OF HUMANS AND THEIR LIFE CONDITIONS
1. The Early Indian Population and Population Admixture Partha Pratim Majumder 3
2. The Oxygen Isotope Stages: Human Adaptations during the Last 200,000 Years Ravi Korisettar 6
3. The Migrations that Shaped Indian Demography Tony Joseph 16
4. Rock Shelters and Caves: Prehistoric Settlements Ravi Korisettar 24
5. Microliths before the Holocene Bishnupriya Basak 33
6. Post-glacial Climate Change and its Impact on Life: 18000 YBP to Present Gwen Robbins Schug 36
7. Weather Patterns Sridhar Vajapey 39
8. Holocene Climate from the Perspective of South Asia Dorian Q. Fuller 41
9. Anthropological Man Subhash Walimbe 44
PART II: FOUNDATIONS, EMERGENCE, AND THE DECLINE OF CIVILIZATION
10. Primeval Hunter-Gatherer Societies of India K. Paddayya 49
11. Domestication of Animals in India Arati Deshpande-Mukherjee 57
12. The Nomadic Pastoralists in Prehistory and Protohistory Ajay Dandekar 64
13. Domestication of Plants: Origins and Development of Agriculture Satish Naik 66
14. Prehistoric Agriculture Ravi Korisettar 72
15. The Ideology of the Indus Civilization Akinori Uesugi 84
16. Rise of Urban Habitats Jennifer Bates 87
17. Decline and Transformation of Urban Habitats Jennifer Bates 91
18. Social Formation: Archaeological Scholarship of the Indus Civilization Sudeshna Guha 94
19. The Pre-Vedic and the Vedic Sarasvati Rajesh Kochhar 99
20. Varna and Jati: Consolidation of Social Hierarchy G. N. Devy 116
PART III: THE LANGUAGE MIX AND PHILOSOPHIES IN ANCIENT INDIA
21. Sanskrit, its History, and its Indo-European Background Hans Henrich Hock 123
22. Sanskrit, Prakrit, and Ancient Dialects Madhav Deshpande 136
23. Contact with Indo-European/Indo-Iranian Languages Meera Visvanathan 141
24. Vedic Tradition Shrikant Bahulkar 149
25. Vedic Divinities Mugdha Gadgil 152
26. Scientific Achievements of Traditional India Hans Henrich Hock 156
27. Buddhism Pradip Gokhale 174
28. Buddhism in Early India Naina Dayal 178
29. Non-Pali Buddhist Literature Lata Deokar 182
30. The Emergence and Spread of Jainism Paul Dundas 188
31. Philosophy through Controversies and Commentaries Pradip Gokhale 192
32. Early Inscriptions Andrew Ollett 198
33. Pali Language and Literature Mahesh A. Deokar 202
34. Prakrit Literature Andrew Ollett 208
35. The Brahmi Script and Indian Languages Thomas Trautmann 212
36. Ideas and Metaphysical Foundations of 'Dravidian' Stalin Rajangam 229
37. Dravidian Language Family K. Rangan 233
38. Language Families of India Other than Indo-Aryan Anvita Abbi 237
PART IV: CULTURES, SUB-NATIONALITIES, AND REGION
39. Medieval Tamil India: Pre-Vijayanagara Phase T. K. Venkatasubramanian 245
40. Early Kannada Literature Andrew Ollett and Sarah Pierce Taylor 249
41. Medieval Karnataka Manu V. Devadevan 252
42. Lingayatism Shivanand Kanavi 256
43. Early History of Kerala in Social Perspective Rajan Gurukkal 263
44. Early and Medieval Kerala Kesavan Veluthat 267
45. Early Telugu Literature Harshita Mruthinti Kamath 272
46. Telangana: An Overview of the Medieval Period Salma Ahmed Farooqui 275
47. Cultural Heterogeneity Telangana Bhukhya Bhangya 278
48. The Modern South Rajmohan Gandhi 292
49. The Kerala of Narayana Guru : A Historical Perspective of Ideas and Society George Thadathil 295
50. Christianity in India before the Protestant Evangelicals Ines G. Županov 300
51. Goa Rochelle Pinto 304
52. Cultural Confluence in Pre-modern Deccan Shraddha Kumbhojkar 309
53. Maharashtra before Shivaji Rahul Magar 312
54. Tribal History of Middle India Shyamrao Koreti 320
55. Progressive Thought in Maharashtra Devkumar Ahire 323
56. Ancient and Medieval Gujarat Aparna Kapadia 326
57. Nomadic Communities in Western India Tanuja Kothial 330
58. Rajasthan Rima Hooja 333
59. Sindh Manan Ahmed 337
60. The Northeast: Prehistoric and Ancient Past Manjil Hazarika 342
61. Assam: The Long View Arupjyoti Saikia 349
62. Sikkim Anira Phipon Lepcha 353
63. Multilingual Pre-modern Bengal Thibaut d'Hubert 359
64. Late Medieval and Early Modern Bengal Ujjayan Bhattacharya 364
65. Odisha in Pre-modern Times Pritish Acharya 368
66. The Bhakti Movement: Pre-colonial Social Transition G. N. Devy 373
67. The Emergence and Spread of Sufi Thought in Medieval India Richard M. Eaton
68. India's Ties with the Arab World and Iran Abhay Kumar 384
69. Islam in South Asia Reyaz Ahmad 389
70. Punjab Rajkumar Hans 393
71. The Western Himalayan Region Chetan Singh 398
72. Northern India: Medieval and Colonial Hitendra K. Patel 403
73. Medieval Uttar Pradesh Mayank Kumar 407
74. Delhi: The Last Millennium Sunny Kumar 410
75. The Idea of Delhi Narayani Gupta 413
PART V: COLONIALISM
76. The Impact of Colonial Rule on the Indian Economy Sunny Kumar 419
77. The Asiatic Society and its Impact on Indian History Thomas Trautmann 422
78. Interaction with Colonial Ideas Pradip Datta 425
79. Print Technology and Modernity Urvashi Butalia 430
80. Perceptions of Colonialism (1800-1950) Mohinder Singh 433
81. Colonial Forest Laws and the Forest-dwellers Dhirendra Datt Dangwal 438
PART VI: TOWARDS FEDERALISM-SOCIAL AND POLITICAL MOVEMENTS
82. Adivasi Movements in Santal and Munda Regions Vasundhara Jairath 443
83. Caste and Reforms: Modern Period Rinku Lamba 448
84. B. R. Ambedkar and the Making of Modern India Rahul Kosambi 452
85. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Tridip Suhrud 457
86. Ambedkar and Gandhi: Visions for Modern India Nishikant Kolge 461
87. Emergence of the Idea of Freedom (1900-1947) Mohinder Singh 464
88. The Freedom Struggle: The Early Phase Vinay Lal 467
89. The Freedom Struggle: The Final Phase Vinay Lal 473
90. India's Struggle for Independence: The Last Phase Sucheta Mahajan 479
PART VII: INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE
91. The Rise of Identity Politics Amir Ali 485
92. The 1947 Partition of India Rajmohan Gandhi 488
93. The Partition of India Sugata Bose 491
94. Linguistic State Formation (1900-2000) Asha Sarangi 494
95. The Working of the Constitution Nivedita Menon 496
96. Nehruvian India Vinay Lal 500
97. India and the Making of Bangladesh Srinath Raghavan 506
98. Urbanism in India Narayani Gupta 509
99. Identity Politics since Independence Aditya Nigam 515
100. People's Movements since Independence Krishna Menon 520
101. India since Liberalization Kumar Ketkar 524
Afterword Vinay Lal 528
Contributors 551
Notes and References 555
Bibliography 615
Acknowledgements 620