Table of Contents List of Figures 4 List of Tables 5 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 Background 6 1.2 Transport system 7 1.2.1 Private transport 7 1.2.2 Public transit system 8 1.2.3 Para-transit system 8 1.2.3.1 Motorized Para-transit service 9 1.2.3.2 Non-motorized Para-transit service 10 1.3 Cycle rickshaw 10 1.4 Advantages of cycle rickshaw 11 1.5 Disadvantage of cycle rickshaw 11 1.6 Need of study 11 1.7 Aim: 12 1.8 Objectives of study 13 1.9 Methodology: 13 1.10 Limitations: 15 1.11 Outline of study 15 CHAPTER 2. Literature study 16 2. 1 Introduction 16 2.2 Case Studies 16 2.2.1 Case 1- ?Fazilka, Punjab? 17 2.2.2 Case 2- ?Delhi-the capital of India? 21 2.2.3 Case 3- ?Dhaka-the capital of Bangladesh? 25 2.3 Learnings from the case studies 27 2.4 Potential of cycle rickshaw service 28 CHAPTER 3. STUDY AREA PROFILE 29 3.1 Introduction 29 3.2 Reasons for selecting Lucknow as study area 29 3.3 General profile 29 3.4 Climate profile 32 3.5 Population profile 32 3.6 Literacy profile 36 3.7 Land use profile 36 3.7.1 Residential 37 3.7.2 Commercial 37 3.8 Economic profile 37 3.9 Travel characteristic of Lucknow 41 3.9.1 Existing bus routes 43 3.9.2 Existing para-transit routes 44 3.9.3 Existing cycle rickshaw service 45 3.10 Rules and regulations for cycle rickshaw 46 3.10.1 Details of city permit procedure: 46 3.10.2 Procedure: 47 3.10.3 License Fees: 47 3.10.4 License Renewal: 48 3.10.5 Penalties: 48 3.10.6 Additional Penalties: 49 3.11 Summary 49 CHAPTER 4. Data analysis 51 4.1 Introduction 51 4.2 Survey Methodology 51 4.3 Survey Locations 52 4.4 User survey 53 4.4.1 Trip Purpose 53 4.4.3 Trip Distribution 58 4.4.3 Monthly Expenditure on transport 59 4.4.5. Overall Monthly Expenditure on transport 60 4.5. Rickshaw Puller survey 60 4.5.1 Rickshaw-Puller?s Yearly Expenditure 60 4.5.2 Rickshaw-Puller?s Yearly Income 61 4.5.3 Puller?s Yearly Profit 61 4.5.4 Contractor?s Yearly Expenditure 62 4.5.5 Contractor?s Yearly Income 62 4.5.6 Contractor?s Yearly Profit 63 4.6 Trip Lengths 64 4.7 Average occupancy 64 4.8 Rickshaw Fare 64 4.9 Issues within service - User perspective 65 4.9.1. Fare structure 65 4.9.2 Driver?s behavior 65 4.9.3 Condition of vehicle 65 4.9.4 Travel time 66 4.10 Issues within service - Puller?s perspective 66 4.10.1 Registration process 66 4.10.2 Parking issue 67 4.10.4 Extra Fine without License 67 4.10.5 Registration issue 68 4.11 Non user survey 68 4.12 Conclusions 68 CHAPTER 5. Proposal and Recommendations 71 5.1 Introduction 71 5.2 Proposal 71 5.2.1 Role of LNN 72 5.2.2 Role of NGO/ Private Consultant 75 5.2.3 Role of Funding agency/ Bank 76 5.3 Conclusion 76 Bibliography 79 Appendix 8