CONTENTS Foreword by Marilyn Jordan Taylor, FAIA v Preface vii Part I: Paradigms, Principles, and Process 1 1. Urban Design-A Social and Public Art 3 Fitting People and Place3 The Evolution of a Social and Public Art4 Integrating Diverse Perspectives and Skills10 Giving Form to a Rapidly Changing Society12 Shaping the Response to a Changing World24 2. Roots of Urban Form28 Early Cities28 European Cities in the Middle Ages30 Renaissance Forms Reshape Cities 31 The New World Turns Toward the Grid36 The Industrial Revolution and Reaction41 Imagining the Postindustrial City50 3. Decentralization : The Growth of the Modern City 55 Europe and Modernism55 4. Recentralization : The City as the Future80 Setting the Stage : Fifty Years of Suburbanization80 Cities on the Rebound82 New Forces Shaping Cities85 New Currents in Urban Design96 5. Principles for an Urban Century 102 Process Should Support the Principles111 Part II: Putting Urban Design into Practice 113 Case Studies in Urban Design114 6. Guiding Regional Growth and Change 117 Roots117 Approaches Today119 Case Studies120 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles138 7. Rediscovering Downtown and Main Street 140 Roots141 Approaches Today142 Case Studies143 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles166 Chapter 8 Reinventing Older Neighborhoods168 Roots169 Approaches Today171 Case Studies172 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles199 9.Inventing New Neighborhoods 201 Roots201 Approaches Today 203 Case Studies204 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles220 10. Reclaiming the Waterfront 222 Roots222 Approaches Today 225 Case Studies225 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles247 11. Creating the Public Realm249 Roots249 Approaches Today 251 Case Studies252 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles266 12. Transforming Campus into Community 268 Roots269 Approaches Today270 Case Studies 271 How the Projects Illustrate the Principles282 Conclusion 284 Endnotes 285 Index 291