CONTENT 1. Introduction: 1 1.1. Background. 1 1.2. Need for Study. 2 1.3. Research Question. 3 1.4. Aim. 3 1.5. Objectives. 3 1.6. Scope of the study. 3 1.7. Limitation of the study. 4 2. Literature Review: 6 2.1. Introduction. 6 2.2. Why valuation of Ecosystem Services (E.S)? 9 2.3. Steps approach to intergrading E.S in development planning. 10 2.4. Wetland as an Ecosystem Services 12 Classification of Wetland 13 2.5. Benefits of wetland 14 2.6. Threats to Wetlands 18 2.7. Management of Wetland 18 2.8. Biodiversity 20 2.9. India’s Wetland 21 2.10. Threats to India’s Wetland 23 2.11. Economic Valuation of Wetlands 24 3. Methodology: 28 3.1. Research Framework 28 3.2. Methodology 29 4. A brief about Manipur State: 34 4.1. Location 34 4.2. Area 34 4.3. Demography 35 4.4. Major Occupation 35 4.5. Climate 36 4.6. Land use 36 5. About Loktak Lake: 38 5.1. Location 38 5.2. Morphometric 40 5.3. Characteristic features 40 5.4. Manipur River Basin 44 5.4. Catchment Area. 46 5.5. Social Profile. 47 Threats and Impacts: 47 5.6. Introduction 47 5.7. Water Quality 48 5.8. Lake water Quality 50 5.9. Ithai Barrage. 51 5.10. Flooding. 53 5.11. Sedimentation. 55 5.12. Waterbirds. 55 5.13. Summaries of all the issues faced by Loktak Lake. 56 6. Valuation of Direct Value: 58 6.1. Introduction 58 6.2. Fisheries 58 6.3. Fuel wood 60 6.4. Cultivation 61 6.5. Water 62 6.6. Fisheries Department 64 6.7. National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) 65 6.8. Gardens and park: 66 6.9. Hotel and restaurants 69 6.10. Boating 70 6.11. Contingent Valuation Method: 72 6.12. Total value of direct use: 77 7. Planning Process: 80 7.1. About Loktak Development Authority (LDA) 80 7.2. Districts. 80 7.3. Future projects 84 7.4. Requires inclusive approach 85 8. Integrating Loktak Lake conservation within the development plan: 88 8.1. Ecosystem Conservation of Loktak Lake 88 8.1.1. Catchment area treatment. 88 8.1.2. Water resources development. 89 8.1.3. Biodiversity Conservation. 90 8.1.4. Sewage treatment plan for Nambul River. 91 8.2. Ecotourism Development. 91 8.3. Livelihood development and sustainable resource development. 92 8.3.1. Sanitation. 92 8.3.2. Solid waste collection. 92 8.3.3. Fisheries development. 92 8.4. Priority given to Loktak Lake in any development plan. 93 8.5. Strengthen the Legal Authority of Loktak Lake Development Authority. 93 Annexure – 1 Questionnaire: 94 Annexure – 2 Questionnaire: 95 Annexure – 3 Questionnaire: 97 Annexure – 4 Finding and Data collections: 98 9. Bibliography 99