CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: AN UNDERSTANDING OF TRANSFORMATION OF CITIES 1.1 STRUCTURING ELEMENTS OF A CITY 2 1.2 CITIES- CHANGE AND GROWTH 2 1.3 INFLUENCING FORCES SHAPING CITIES OVER TIME 4 a) Implications of primary needs of a civilization on city form 4 b) City structure based on mandala 5 c) Cities with pilgrimage sites 6 d) Influencing forces- social heirarchy and interdependence 8 e) Implications of changes in state religion 10 f) Renaissance 11 g) Industrial forces shaping a city form 16 h) industrial influences- emergence of new dwelling typology 16 i)Expansion of city boundaries- implications on city form 17 1.4 TRANSFORMATION OF CITY AS A PROCESS IN TIME 18 1.5 PLANNED TRANSFORMATION a) Conservative surgery- Patrick Geddes 32 b) Urban renewal of Paris 33 1.6 TRANSFORMATION AS AN OUTCOME OF CATACLYSM a) The London Fire 40 b) The Lisbon, (Portugal) Earthquake, 1755 42 c) Rotterdam, (Netherlands) after the World War II blitz 45 d) Reconstruction after the World War- European examples 46 1.7 IN CONCLUSION 48 CHAPTER 2: BHUJ- Transformation ransformation through time 2.1 BHUJ, KUTCH 51 2.2 URBAN HISTORY OF BHUJ 52 A- Method of study B- CITY ESTABLISHED AND THE PERIOD OF MONARCHY 52 i. City established and myths attached ii. City boundaries and direction of growth iii. Development of city: water and topography iv. City structure- from social and functional perspective v. System of open spaces and movement vi. Built form- dwelling type vii public buildings C- NON- NATIVE INFLUENCES ON THE CITY 77 i. Successors of Khengarji I and their influences ii. City structure iii. System of open spaces and movement network iv. Built form v. Public buildings D- POST INDEPENDENCE INFLUENCES ON THE CITY 92 i. Bhuj- peoples disengagement from monarchy ii. City structure iii. System of open spaces and movement network iv. Built form v. Public amenities and buildings 2.3 CONCLUSION 98 CHAPTER 3: BHUJ- TRANSFORMATION AFTER EARTHQUAKE, 2001 3.1 EARTHQUAKE, 2001 100 3.2 POST-EARTHQUAKE TRANSFORMATION IN ELEMENTS OF THE CITY OF BHUJ 101 3.3 MOVEMENT NETWORK 103 A- Market Street As A Civic Expression B- The Bazaar Street A Historical Background C- Saraf And Danda Bazaar Street Before Earthquake, 2001 D- Comparative Analysis Of The Saraf And Danda Bazaar Street, Before And After Earthquake, 2001 3.4 PUBLIC OPEN SPACES 120 A- Market square B-Bhid Chowk- Historical Background C- Bhid Chowk- Before Earthquake, 2001 D- Comparitive analysis of Bhid chowk before and after earthquake 3.5 NEIGHBORHOOD SECTOR 135 A- Comparative Analysis Of The Neighborhood Sector (Vaniawad And Soniwad) Before And After Earthquake, 2001 3.6 DWELLING UNIT 148 A- The Pre Earthquake Generic House Form B- Comparative Analysis Of The Pre Earthquake Generic House Form And Post Earthquake House Type C- Conclusion 3.7 PUBLIC BUILDINGS 163 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSIONS 166