CONTENTS Preface v List of Tables xiii List of Figures xv Introduction 1-7 Aim of the Study 3 Choice and Objectives of the Study Area 3 The Study Area 4 Methodology 6 Chapterisation Scheme 6 PART I GEOMORPHOLOGY 1. Geology 11-15 Vindhyan Super Group 13 Deccan Trap 14 Recent and Sub-Recent Deposits 15 Minerals 15 2. Climate and Soils 16-34 CLIMATE 16 Temperature 17 Rainfall 17 Rainfall Intensity 19 Non-Monsoonal Intensity 21 Monsoonal Intensity 21 Frequency of Rainfall 21 Humidity 23 Pressure and Winds 23 Sun-Shine and Cloudiness 24 Special Weather Phenomena 24 Seasons 25 Pre-monsoon 26 Monsoon 26 Post-Monsoon 27 Winter 28 SOILS 28 Factors of the Soil Genesis 29 Parent Material 29 Climate 29 Vegetation 29 Topography 30 Time 30 Classification of Soils 30 Deep Medium Black Soils 31 Hilly Soils33 Alluvial Soils 33 Fertility Status 33 3. Fluvial Morphology 34-44 Parbati River 34 Nature of Tributaries 36 Andheri River 36 Banganga River 36 Sukni Nadi 36 Kul Nadi 36 Drainage Density 36 The Areas of Low Drainage Density 39 The Areas of Medium Drainage Density 39 The Areas of High Drainage Density 40 Stream Frequency 40 The Area of Low Frequency 41 The Area of Medium Frequency 41 The Area of High Frequency 41 Drainage Density and Stream frequency 42 Drainage Pattern 42 Dendritic Drainage Pattern 42 Rectangular Drainage Pattern 43 Trellis Drainage Pattern 43 Radial and Centripetal Drainage Pattern 43 Deranged Drainage Pattern 43 4. Morphometric Analysis 45-53 Analysis of Relief 45 Zone of High Relief 45 Zone of Medium Relief 46 Zone of Low Relief 46 Slope 46 Level Slope of Low Land Plains 48 Gentle Slope Zone 48 Foot Hills of Moderate Inclination 49 Hills of Moderately Steep Inclination 49 Regional Slope Distribution 49 Slope Histogram 49 Analysis of Hill Side Slopes 51 Slope Forming Factors & Processes 51 Elements of Slope Form 51 Crest 53 Scarp 53 Debris 53 Pediment 53 5. Geomorphic Regions 54-60 Basis of Classification 54 Shahbad Hills 56 Chhabra-Chhipabarod Hills 56 Pediplain Region 57 Upland Region 57 Alluvial Plains 58 Ramgarh Dome 58 PART II SETTLEMENTS 6. Population 63-75 Distribution and Density of Population 64 Pattern of Distribution 65 Density of Population 65 Physiological Density 67 Concentration of Population 68 High Concentration 70 Medium Concentration 70 Low Concentration 70 Distribution of Tribal Population 71 Sex Ratio 72 Regional Distribution of Population with Reference to the Physical Factors Governing It 73 Shahbad Hills 73 Pediplain Region 74 Upland Region 74 Alluvial Plains Region 74 7. Settlements 76-96 Distribution of Settlements 77 Maximum Concentration 81 Moderate Concentration 81 Minimum Concentration 82 Spatial Analysis 82 Entropy Analysis 83 Operational Analysis 84 Interpretation of Analysis 84 Factors Affecting the Distribution 86 Village Density Pattern 87 Settlement Size 89 Factors Affecting the Size of Settlements 91 Spacing and Size of Settlements 92 Low Spacing 92 Medium Spacing 92 High Spacing 92 Very High Spacing 92 Settlement Pattern 92 Clustered 93 Random 93 Compact 95 Semi-Compact 95 Linear 95 Dispersed 96 8. A Case Study 97-103 Source of Building Material 98 Basis of Classification 98 One-Roomed House 98 Two-Roomed Houses 98 Three or More Roomed and Multi-Storeyed House 99 Villages Sample Survey 99 The Plain Region 102 Upland Region 102 Pediplain Region 103 Shahbad Hills 103 Ramgarh Dome 103 9. Conclusions 104-114 Bibliography 115-128