Contents
Undertaking 7
Certificate 9
Acknowledgments 11
Abstract 13
Table of contents 15
List of figures 17
List of tables 19
1 Introduction 24
1.1 Background and Context 25
1.2 Need of the Study 27
1.3 Urban Water Security Framework 28
1.4 Aim and Objectives 30
1.4 Methodology 30
1.5 Scope and Limitation 34
2 Literature review 38
2.1 Water Quality 38
2.2 Water Quantity Or Adequacy 39
2.3 Water Accessibility 40
2.4 Clean Water and Sanitation 41
2.5 Water Policies 42
2.6 Sanitation Policies 43
2.6 Case Studies 44
3 Water Security 52
3.1 Availability 52
3.1.1 Dynamics Of Surface Water And Ground Water 52
3.1.2 Water Supply 54
3.2 Accessibility 54
3.2.1 Drinking Water Services 54
3.2.2 Sanitation Services 55
3.3 Water safety 58
3.3.1 Water safety and Public Health 59
3.3.2 Water Treatment at Household Level 59
3.4 Socio-Economics 60
3.4.1 Affordability 60
3.4.2 Equity 60
3.4.2.1 Income Wise Distribuition 61
3.4.2.2 Caste Wise Distribuition 62
3.4.2.3 Gender Wise Distribuition 62
4 Major Key Findings and Recommendations 66
4.1 Major Key Findings 67
4.2 Recommendations 67
4.3 SDG 3&6 Link with Water Security 68
5 Conclusion 69