Contents
Undertaking iii
Acknowledgments vii
Abstract ix
Table of contents xi
List of figures xvii
List of tables xix
Abbreviations xxi
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND 1
1.2 RESEARCH QUESTION AND NEED FOR STUDY 2
1.2.1 Research Question 2
1.2.2 Need for Study 2
1.3 AIM 3
1.4 OBJECTIVE 3
1.5 SCOPE 6
1.6 LIMITATION 6
1.7 RESEARCH TIMELINE 6
1.8 RESEARCH PAPER STRUCTURE 8
2 RESEARCH DESIGN 9
2.1 METHODOLOGY 9
2.2 STAKEHOLDER MAPPING 10
2.3 ANALYTICAL TOOLS 10
2.3.1 Qualitative Research 10
2.3.2 Quantitative Research 11
2.4 RESEARCH MATRIX 11
2.4.1 Research Matrix for Objective 1 12
2.4.2 Research Matrix for Objective 2 13
2.4.3 Research Matrix for Objective 3 14
2.5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 14
2.6 SITE VISIT TIMELINE 15
3 LITERATURE REVIEW 16
3.1 WHAT ARE SMART CITIES? 16
3.2 WHAT IS SMART CITIES MISSION (SCM)? 17
3.3 UNDERSTANDING HERITAGE 18
3.4 WHAT IS HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE (HUL)? 19
3.5 ICOMOS CHARTERS TOWARDS HERITAGE AND TOURISM 21
3.5.1 International Charter for The Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites (The Venice Charter 1964): 21
3.5.2 International Cultural Tourism Charter: Managing Tourism at Places of Heritage Significance (1999): 21
3.5.3 ICOMOS Charter- Principles for The Analysis, Conservation and Structural Restoration of Architectural Heritage (2003): 22
3.6 WHAT IS SMART HERITAGE? 22
3.7 HERITAGE AND TECHNOLOGY 23
3.7.1 Smart Technologies for Smart Heritage 23
3.7.2 International Best Practices of Use of Smart Technologies 25
3.8 HERITAGE AND TOURISM 29
3.9 CASE STUDY: DIGITAL HAMPI 30
3.10 CRITICAL SUMMARY 32
4 CITY CONTEXT 33
4.1 ABOUT SURAT 33
4.1.1 History of Surat 34
4.1.2 The Core (Walled city of Surat) 34
4.1.3 Development of Surat 36
4.2 HERITAGE OF SURAT 38
4.2.1 Intangible Heritage: Art and Culture of Surat 38
4.2.2 Tangible Heritage: Historic Buildings and Monuments 38
4.3 SURAT SMART CITY 40
4.3.1 Surat Smart City Vision 40
4.3.2 Surat Smart City Development Limited (SSCDL) 40
4.3.3 Projects under Surat Smart City 40
5 RESTORATION OF SURAT CASTLE 42
5.1 HISTORY OF SURAT CASTLE 42
5.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CASTLE 42
5.3 INITIATIVE OF RESTORATION OF SURAT CASTLE BY SMC 43
5.4 NEED FOR THE INITIATIVE 45
5.5 PROJECT OBJECTIVES 46
5.6 PROJECT TIMELINE 46
5.7 PROJECT CHALLENGES AND NEGOTIATIONS 49
5.8 PROJECT FINANCING 50
5.9 KEY DECISION MAKERS 50
6 ANALYSIS AND IMPACT 51
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERVIEWS 51
6.1.1 Project Initiation and Proposal 51
6.1.2 Project Implementation 52
6.1.3 Project Management and Post-Implementation 54
6.1.4 Overall Project 55
6.1.5 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) 56
6.2 STAKEHOLDERS’ SURVEY 57
6.2.1 Economic Impact 57
6.3 CURRENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT 61
6.3.1 Value Addition 61
6.3.2 Physical and Spatial Impact 61
6.3.3 Economic Impact 64
6.3.4 Socio-cultural Impact 64
6.3.5 Tourism Impact 64
6.4 FUTURE IMPACT ASSESSMENT 65
6.4.1 Value Addition 65
6.4.2 Physical and Spatial Impact 65
6.4.3 Economic Impact 65
6.4.4 Socio-cultural Impact 66
6.4.5 Tourism Impact 66
6.5 PROJECT FINDINGS 67
6.5.1 Finding for Critical Question 1 67
6.5.2 Finding for Critical Question 2 67
6.6 CONFLICTS AND CHALLENGES 69
6.6.1 Conflicts 69
6.6.2 Challenges 69
7 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 71
7.1 IMPLICATIONS 71
7.2 LIMITATIONS 71
7.3 KEY LESSONS LEARNT 72
7.4 RECOMMENDATION 72
7.5 CONCLUSION 74
References xxv
Appendix 1: Literature on Smart Cities xxvii
Basis of Smart Cities xxvii
Why Do We Need Smart Cities? xxviii
Universal Need for Smart Cities xxviii
National Need for Smart Cities xxviii
How Do We Make Cities Smart? xxix
Who are the Key Stakeholders in a Smart City? xxix
Smart City Challenges xxx
Appendix 2: Literature on Smart Cities Mission (SCM) xxxi
Smart Cities Mission xxxi
Smart Cities Selection Process xxxiii
Implementation of Smart Cities xxxiii
Convergence with Related Policies xxxiv
Monitoring Smart Cities Mission xxxiv
Appendix 3: Questionnaire for Stakeholders’ Survey xxxv
Appendix 4: Interview Questions for Primary Stakeholders xlix
Appendix 5: Site Images lii