Table of contents


Undertaking i
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vii
Table of contents ix
List of figures xiii
List of tables xv
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the project 1
1.2 Need for the study 2
1.3 Aim 3
1.4 Objectives 3
1.5 Research questions 4
1.6 Methodology and approach 4
1.7 Scope and limitation 6
2 Literature review 7
2.1 Provisions for EV enabled parking 7
2.1.1 International cities 7
2.1.2 Indian cities 13
2.1.3 Key takeaway 14
3 Regulatory and policy framework for Private charging infrastructure 15
3.1 National level 15
3.1.1 Charging infrastructure for electric vehicle-guidelines and standards 15
3.1.2 Amendments in Model Building Byelaws (MBBL - 2016) 15
3.2 State level 15

3.2.1 State EV policies 16
3.3 Local level 18
3.3.1 Development control regulations 18
3.3.2 Parking policies 19
3.4 Key take-aways 21
4 Private electric vehicle ecosystem in India 23
4.1 Private electric vehicle models 23
4.2 Charging infrastructure 25
4.2.1 Methods of charging 25
4.2.2 Types of chargers 26
4.3 Vehicle segment and their charging capabilities 28
5 Suitability of chargers in the residential parking 30
5.1 4 – Wheeler 30
5.2 2 - Wheeler 33
6 Technical and economic assessment for installation of chargers 35
6.1 Introduction to case-city (Surat) 35
6.2 Parking structure in Surat 36
6.3 Installation of charger 37
6.3.1 Installation of chargers for 4 -Wheelers 37
6.3.2 Installation of charger for 2- wheeler 48
6.3.3 Summary of challenges for different types of buildings 52
6.4 Electrical inftastructurein thecity 54
6.4.1 Key talceaway 55
7 Impact assessment forEV parking strategies 56
7.1 Scenario development 56
7.2 Methodology ofassessment 58
7.3 Cost estimates for installing thecharging infrastructure 58
7.3.1 Deriving costs for 1st component: Grid Upgradation 58
7.3.2 Deriving costs for 2nd and 3rd components: Conduits & wiring61
7.3.3 Deriving unit costs for 4th component: Hardware 64
7.3.4 Summary of EV-enabled parking strategies 64
8 Recommendations 66
8.1 Type 1 (Bungalow) 67
8.2 Type 2 (Small-scale township) 68
8.3 Type 3 (Mid-scale township) 70
8.4 Type 4 (Large-scale township) 70
9 Conclusion 71
10 Way Forward............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
References 75
Appendix 1: Details of parking requirements for different building typologies..... lxxix Appendix 2: Size of transformer supplied for different building xvii
Appendix 3: Details of assumptions and costing for conduit and wiring xviii