Contents
Certificate of original authorship iii
Certificate of Dissertation Advisor’s consent iii
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vii
List of figures ix
List of tables xi
List of Maps xiii
List of Charts xv
ABBREVIATIONS USED xvii
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background study 1
1.1.1 Introduction 1
1.1.2 Air Pollution 4
1.1.3 Air pollution standards 11
1.1.4 Indian programs 13
1.1.5 Ways of monitoring air pollutants 14
1.1.6 Air quality index 14
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 17
2.1 Understanding basics of Remote sensing for Air quality monitoring 17
2.2 Air pollution Trends in China from 2000 to 2017: A Multi-Sensor View from Space (Li, 2020) 18
2.2.1 Aim, objectives, and methodological steps 18
2.2.2 The gist of the research 19
2.3 WebGIS application for air pollution monitoring (Sari, 2020) 20
2.3.1 Aim, Objectives, and Methodological steps 20
2.3.2 The gist of the research 20
2.4 Research gaps 22
3 METHODOLOGY 23
3.1 Aim 23
3.2 Objectives 23
3.3 Study Area 23
3.3.1 About Ahmedabad district 23
3.3.2 Meteorological data about Ahmedabad district 24
3.4 Detailed Methodology 24
3.5 Chapter Schema 25
3.5.1 Literature review 25
3.5.2 Data collection 26
3.5.3 Data processing 26
3.5.4 Analysis and Outputs 27
3.5.5 WebGIS Application 27
3.5.6 Conclusion and way forward 28
4 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING 29
4.1 Air quality time series 29
4.2 Air Quality Data Products used in Present Study (Neha Sharma, 2020) 29
4.2.1 AURA OMI Ozone - OMTO3e 30
4.2.2 AURA OMI Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) - OMNO2d 30
4.2.3 AURA OMI Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) - OMSO2e 30
4.2.4 MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) – MAIAC 30
4.2.5 Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) 31
4.3 The ground in situ measurements of Air pollutants 31
4.3.1 Common datasets available between satellite and ground readings 32
4.4 Data downloads 32
4.4.1 Manual Download 32
4.4.2 From Google Earth Engine 32
4.4.3 Using WGET 32
4.5 Model builder Tools 33
4.5.1 NetCDF to TIFF 33
4.5.2 Annual/Monthly Mean Tool 34
5 THE ANALYSIS AND OUTTPUTS 37
5.1 Deriving the Air Quality indices 37
5.1.1 Regression 37
5.1.2 By unit conversation 41
5.1.3 Vertical integration 42
5.2 Overall synergistic AQ index in the district of Ahmedabad 65
6 WEB DEVELOPMENT 67
7 CONCLUSIONs 71
7.1 Generic conclusions 71
7.2 Pollution specific conclusion 71
7.3 Data gaps and limitations 73
8 WAY FORWARD 75
References lxxvii
Appendix 1: XYZ lxxxi
Appendix 2: XYZ 83