Contetns
Introduction Xl
Nout van Woudenberg and Liesbeth Lijnzaad
Message from Mr Koi:chiro Matsuura, Director-General of
UNESCO X111
Words of Welcome xv
Adriaan Bos
Chapter 1 The road to the 1 999 Second Protocol I
jiff Toman
Chapter 2 New rules for the protection of cultural property in armed
conflict: The significance of the Second Protocol to the 1954
Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in
the Event of Armed Conflict 21
Jean-Marie Henckaerts
Chapter 3 Military necessity under the 1999 Second Protocol 43
Kevin Chamberlain
Chapter 4 Enhanced Protection: A new form of protection under the
1999 Second Protocol 51
Nout van Woudenberg
Chapter 5 Great expectations? Towards an effective application' of the
regime of enhanced protection in the Second Protocol to the
Hague Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in
the Event of Armed Conflict 59
Ariel W Gonzalez
Chapter 6 Enhancing individual criminal responsibility for offences
involving cultural property - the road to the Rome Statute and
the r 999 Second Protocol 69
Mireille Hector
Chapter 7 Investigation and prosecution of crimes against cultural property 77
Susan Somers
Chapter 8 The protection of cultural property in non-international armed
conflicts Sr
Jean-Marie Henckaerts
Chapter 9 Dissemination of the 1954 Hague Convention and the 1999
Second Protocol: Embedding cultural property protection
within the military 95
Joris D. Kila
Chapter ro Elaboration and legal implementation of the 1999 Second
Protocol: The Dutch finger on the pulse 107
Nout van Woudenberg
Chapter rr The Dutch Ministry of Defence and the protection of cultural
heritage · r r 7
Robert Gooren
Chapter r 2 The implementation of the Second Protocol to the r 9 5 4
Hague Convention in the Republic of Macedonia r 2 3
Lazar Sumanov and Jovan Ristov
Appendix: 2002 Ohrid Declaration r 2 7
Chapter 13 Iraq and the Second Protocol to the r 9 5 4 Hague Convention r 3 5
Marja van Heese
Chapter 14 Sleeping Beauty, the untold story of the (first) Protocol to the
1954 Hague Convention 147
Liesbeth Lijnzaad
Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict 173
First Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Cultural
Property in the Event of Armed Conflict 1954 181
81 Second Protocol to the Hague Convention of 19 5 4 for the
Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict 185
Act of 19 June 2003 Containing Rules Concerning Serious
Violations oflnternational Humanitarian Law
(International Crimes Act) 203
Act of 8 March 2007 Containing Rules on the Taking
into Custody of Cultural Property from an Occupied
Territory During an Armed Conflict and for The Initiation
of Proceedings for the Return of Such Property (Cultural
Property Originating from Occupied Territory (Return) Act) 219
International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
Excerpts from: Prosecutor v. Pavle Strugar 225
Index 237