Contents
Acknowledgements xxi
Book Introduction 1
SECTION 1 Understanding the problem – Climate Change and Urban Areas 7
Introduction 9
1. Optimism and hope in a hotter time / David W. Orr 11
2. Assessment Report 5: Summary for policymakers / IPCC 16
3. A review of climate change impacts on the built environment / Robert Wilby 34
4. Practical guide to collaborative project evaluation: how resilient is your project? / Rebecca Fricke and Elisabeth Hamin 42
SECTION II Introduction to Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Urban Areas 49
Introduction 51
Elisabeth M. Hamin Infield
5. Stabilization wedges: solving the climate problem for the next 50 years with current technologies / S. Pacala and R. Socolow 55
6. Cities and greenhouse gas emissions: moving forward / Dan Hoornweg, Lorraine Sugar, & Claudia Lorena Trejos Gomez 62
7. The influence of urban form on GHG emissions in the U.S. household sector / Sungwon Lee & Bumsoo Lee 72
8. An assessment of the link between greenhouse gas emissions inventories and climate action plans / Michael R. Boswell, Adrienne I. Greve & Tammy L. Seale 83
9. Forces driving urban greenhouse gas emissions / David Dodman 91
10. Climate change and health in cities: impacts of heat and air pollution and potential co-benefits from mitigation and adaptation / Sharon L. Harlan and Darren M. Ruddel 98
SECTION III Adaptation, Risk and Resilience 105
Introduction 107
Yaser, Abunnasr
11. IPCC, 2012: Summary for Policymaker: Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation / IPCC 111
12. Temporal and spatial changes in social vulnerability to natural hazards / Susan L. Cutter and Christina Finch 129
13. The climate gap : inequalities in how climate change hurts Americans & how to close the gap / Rachel Morello Frosch, Manuel Pastor, Jim Sadd, and Seth Shonkoff 138
14. Social-ecological resilience to coastal disasters / W. Neil Adger, Terry P. Hughes, Carl Folke, Stephen R. Carpenter, Johan Rockström 151
15. Traditional peoples and climate change / J. Salick and N. Ross 160
SECTION IV Green Infrastructure, Urban Form and Adaptation 167
Introduction
Yaser Abunnasr
16. Landscape Planning, Design and Green infrastructure David C. Rouse, and Ignacio Bunster-Ossa 173
17. The green infrastructure transect: an organizational framework for mainstreaming adaptation planning policies / Yaser Abunnasr & Elisabeth M. Hamin 184
18. Adapting cities for climate change: the role of the green infrastructure: built environment / Susannah Gill, J.F. Handley, Roland Ennos & Stephan Pauleit 195
19. Climate change in suburbs: An exploration of key impacts and vulnerabilities / Robin Leichenko & William Solecki 206
SECTION V Green Infrastructure for Urban Heat and Stormwater 219
20. Avoided heat-related mortality through climate adaptation strategies in three US cities / Brian Ston Jr., J. Vargo, P. Liu, D. Habeeb, A. DeLucia, M. Trail, et al. 219
21. Planning for cooler cities : a framework to prioritise green infrastructure to mitigate high temperatures in urban landscapes / Briony Norton, Andrew Coutts, Stephen Livesley, Richard Harris, Annie Hunter & Nicholas Williams 233
22. How to make a city climate-proof, addressing the urban heat island effect / Laura Kleerekoper & Salcedo Tadeo Baldiri Rahola 250
23. Urban design and adapting to flood risk: the role of green infrastructure / Mick Lennon, Mark Scott, & Eoin O'Neill 263
24. Green infrastructure: a landscape approach / David C. Rouse, and Ignacio Bunster-Ossa 273
SECTION VI
Introduction to Green Infrastructure for Rising Sea Levels and Coastal Risks 283
25. Managing shoreline retreat: a US perspective / Carolyn Kousky 290
26. Breaking the waves / Gabriel Popkin 299
27. Interdependencies of urban climate change impacts and adaptation strategies: a case study of metropolitan Boston USA / Paul Kirshen, Ruth Matthias, & William Anderson 306
28. Sustainable tourism, climate change and sea level rise adaptation policies in Barbados / Michelle Mycoo 315
SECTION VII
Implementing the Vision 327
Introduction 329
Robert L. Ryan
29. Urban form and climate change: balancing adaptation and mitigation in the U.S. and Australia / Elisabeth M. Hamin & Nicole Gurran 332
30. Explaining Progress in Climate Adaptation Planning Across 156 U.S. Municipalities / Linda Shi, Eric Chu & Debates Garrison 340
31. Urban wildscapes and green spaces in Mombasa and their potential contribution to climate change adaptation and mitigation / Justus Kithiia & Anna Lyth 352
32. Making climate change visible: a critical role for landscape professionals / Stephen Sheppard 361
Conclusions 372
List of Articles 376
Editor Biographies 378
Index 380