Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 11
1.1 Background 11
1.2 Need for Study 12
1.3 Research Objectives 12
1.4 Scope of Work 13
1.5 Research Methodology 13
1.6 Thesis Schedule 14
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 Hot Mix Asphalt 15
2.2 Asphalt Design mix 16
2.3 Marshall Stability 17
2.3.1 Test Procedure: 17
2.3.2 Results of Marshall Stability Tests: 17
2.3.3 Outcome from Marshall Stability Test 18
2.4 Literature Review on State of Art for Alternate Pavement Material 18
2.4.1 Waste plastic 19
2.4.2 Crumb Rubber 19
2.4.3 Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement 20
2.4.4 Fly Ash 20
2.4.5 Copper Slag 21
2.4.6 Other Materials 21
3. EXPERIMENTAL WORK 24
3.1 Aggregate Testing 24
3.1.1 Sieve Analysis (<20mm) 25
3.1.2 Sieve Analysis (<10mm) 25
3.1.3 Flakiness Index 26
3.1.4 Elongation Index 26
3.1.5 Aggregate Impact Value 27
3.1.6 Los Angeles Abrasion Value 27
3.1.7 Specific Gravity and Water Absorption for Coarse Aggregate 27
3.2 Bitumen Testing 28
3.2.1 Penetration Test 29
3.2.2 Ductility Test 29
3.2.3 Softening Point Test 29
3.2.4 Specific Gravity Test 29
3.2.5 Viscosity Test30
3.2.6 Flash and Fire Point Test 30
3.3 Summary of Test 30
3.3.1 Aggregates Tests Summary 30
3.3.2 Bitumen Tests Summary 30
3.4 Marshall Stability Test 31
3.4.1 Mix Design31
3.4.2 Result Inferences 35
3.4.3 Gradation35
3.4.4 Blending Example 36
4. OBSERVATION 38
5. EXISTING GUIDELINES ON USE OF ALTERNATE MATERIALS 39
5.1 Reclaimed Asphalt 39
5.2 Waste Plastic 40
5.3 Crumb Rubber 40
5.4 Fly Ash 40
5.5 Copper Slag 40
6. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 41
BIBLIOGRAPHY 41