CONTENTS
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction 1
1 Design Ability 3
Asking Designers about what they Do 8
Deconstructing what Designers Do 16
Watching what Designers Do 19
Thinking about what Designers Do 26
The Natural Intelligence of Design 29
Sources 30
2 Designing to Win 31
Formula One Designing 34
Radical Innovations 35
City Gar Design 44
Learning from Failures 49
Design Process and Working Methods 50
3 Designing to Please • 53
Background 54
Product Innovations 55
Learning from Failures
Design Process and Working Methods
How Designers Think
Motivation and Attitude Other Outstanding Designers Common Features Design Strategies Sources
Designing to Use
The Experiment Design in Action Discussion
Designing Together
Teamwork versus Individual Work Roles and Relationships Planning and Changing Activities Gathering and Sharing Information Generating and Adopting Concepts Avoiding and Resolving Conflicts Discussion
How Designers Work
Collaboration Design Process Creative Design Sources
8 Design Expertise 133
Design Intelligence 135
Development of Expertise 140
NOTICE TO EXPERT 143
SOURCES 148
BIBLIOGRAPHY 151
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS 155
INDEX 159