Contents
Editors and authors xi i
Acknowledgements xii
Foreword by Guy Hutton xv
Section 1: business models for a circular economy: introduction 1
1 .Business models for a circular economy: Linking waste management and sanitation with agriculture by Pay Drechsel, Miriam Otoo, Krishna C. Rao and Munir A. Hanjra 3
2. Defining and analyzing RRR business cases and models by
Miriam Otoo, Solomie Gebrezgabher, Pay Drechsel, Krishna C. Rao, Sudarshana Fernando, Surendra K. Pradhan, Munir A. Hanjra, Manzoor Qadir and Mirko Winkler 16
Section II : Energy recovery from organic water edited by Krishna C. Rao and Solomie Gebrezgabher 33
3. Business models for solid fuel production from waste 39
4. Business models for in-house biogas production for energy savings 91
5. Business models for sustainable and renewable power generation 149
6. Business models on emerging technologies/bio-fuel production from agro-waste 284
Section III : Nutrient and organic matter recovery edited by Miriam Otoo 315
7. Business models on partially subsidized composting at district level
321
8. Business models on subsidy-free community-based composting 359
9. Business models on large-scale composting for revenue generation 378
10. Business models on nutrient recovery from own agro-industrial waste 447
11. Business models on compost production for sustainable sanitation service delivery 484
12. Business models for outsourcing fecal sludge treatment to the farm 504
13. Business models on phosphorus recovery from excreta and wastewater 523
Section IV : Wastewater for agriculture, forestry and aquaculture edited by Pay Drechsel and Munir A. Hanira 547
14. Business models on institutional and regulatory pathways to cost recovery 553
15. Business models beyond cost recovery: leapfrogging the value chain through aquaculture 604
16. Business models for cost sharing and risk minimization 639
17. Business models on rural-urban water trading 664
18. Business models for increasing safety in informal wastewater irrigation 728
Section V : enabling environment and finance 775
19. The enabling environment and finance of resource recovery and reuse by Luca di Mario, Krishna C. Rao and Pay Drechsel 777
Index 804