Contents
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
List of figures vi
List of Tables viii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Need for the Study 4
1.2 Research Question 6
2 Research Design 7
2.1 Objectives of the Research 7
2.2 Scope of this Study 7
2) Research restricted to study of construction projects in India 7
2.3 Research Methodology 7
2.4 Research Schedule 9
2.5 Pilot Study 9
2.6 Expected Outcome 9
3 Literature Review 11
3.1 Definition of concepts in lean construction 11
3.2 Waste in construction industry 12
3.3 Principles of lean construction 14
3.4 Tools used in lean construction 17
3.5 Summary of lean construction 19
3.6 Building Information Modelling (BIM) 19
3.7 BIM functionalities 19
3.8 Interaction between lean and BIM 22
3.9 Challenges in implementation of lean and BIM 25
3.10 The construction industry in India 26
3.11 Research gap 28
3.12 Conclusion of literature papers 28
4 Methodology 41
4.1 Introduction 41
4.2 Qualitative research 41
4.3 Quantitative research 42
4.4 Constructive research 42
4.4.1 Need for constructive research 42
4.4.2 Process of constructive research 43
4.5 Coding the data 43
5 Data collection and analysis 45
5.1 Issues from literature paper and ISP pilot study 45
5.2 Issues from previous thesis 45
5.3 Site Visit 1 to Industrial Project Sanand, Gujarat 46
5.3.1 Site Description 46
5.3.2 Summary of work done on site up to 4th February 47
5.3.3 Two Week Look ahead 47
5.3.4 Site Visit 1 Issues 48
5.4 Site Visit 2 to Office Building Noida, Uttar Pradesh 50
5.4.1 Project Description 51
5.4.2 Scope 51
5.5 Framework for project coordination on site-2 office building Noida, UP 52
5.6 Current Project Coordination process for the project Office Building at Noida 53
5.7 Team coordination and its impact during construction stages 54
5.8 Site planning, floor plans, elevations and 3d view 56
5.9 Involvement of the participants during the different design stages 59
5.10 Stage 1 Flow of work 60
5.11 Quantification-Quantity take-off 61
5.12 Variation in quantities 64
5.13 Clash detection report 65
5.14 Cost saving by avoiding core cutting 67
5.15 Level of Schedule 69
5.16 Lookahead schedule 71
5.17 4D Simulation 73
5.17.1 One month 4D simulation 75
5.18 Stage 2 Flow of work 77
5.19 External glass façade 78
5.19.1 Current state of design management 78
5.19.2 Future state of design management 79
5.20 Issues 80
5.21 Scoring model for façade 82
5.22 Drawings and details generated through BIM 85
5.23 Automated quantity takeoff 87
5.24 4D Simulation 88
6 Conclusion and Future Scope 89
6.1 Achievements 89
6.2 Conclusion 93
6.3 Application of this study and validation 93
6.4 Future Scope 93
7 References 95
8 Annexures 99
8.1 Annexure A 99
8.2 Annexure B 104
8.3 Annexure C 112