Content
1. Introduction
1.1 Aim 25
1.2 Objective 25
1.3 Methodology 25
1.4 Scope of work 25
1.5 Limitations 26
2. About the City
2.1 History 27
2.2 Location 27
2.3 Climate 27
2.4 Connectivity 28
2.5 Elevation 28
2.6 Hydrology
2.6.1 Surface hydrology 29
2.6.2 Ground water hydrology 29
2.7 Demographics 29
2.8 Growth in Built up Area 30
3. City Analysis
3.1 Waste Water
3.1.1 Contaminants in waste water 33
3.1.2 Waste water quality indicators 33
3.1.3 Waste water quality standards 34
3.2 Solid waste
3.2.1 Sources of solid waste in Kolhapur city 34
3.2.2 Collection and Management 35
3.2.3 Disposal systems of the MSW 35
3.3 Sewage system
3.3.1 Sources of waste water 35
3.3.2 Sewage treatment plants 36
3.3.3 Decentralized Waste water Treatment Systems 37
3.4 Issues with the existing sewage disposal system 37
3.5 Status of the Lakes 37
3.6 Inferences 38
4. Introduction to the site: Rankala Lake
4.1 History 39
4.2 Location 39
4.3 Hydrology 39
4.4 Soil 42
4.5 Land use 42
4.6 Dimensions and depth 43
4.7 Values
Reviving the Rankala Lake in Kolhapur, Maharashtra 14
4.7.1 Environmental values 44
4.7.2 Cultural values 44
4.7.3 Social values 44
4.7.4 Religious values 44
4.7.5 Recreational values 44
4.8 Activities 45
5. Issues
5.1 Issues at stream level
5.1.1 Stream profile 49
5.1.2 Point source pollution 49
5.1.3 Non-point source pollution 50
5.1.4 Quality of water 50
5.2 Issues at lake level
5.2.1 Point source pollution 51
5.2.2 Non-point source pollution 51
5.2.3 Quality of water 51
5.3 Impacts 52
5.4 Inferences 53
6. Literature Case Studies
6.1 Alewife reservation constructed wetland, Boston
6.1.1 Geography and Climate 55
6.1.2 Key issues 55
6.1.3 Proposal 56
6.2 Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai
6.2.1 Geography and Climate 57
6.2.2 Key issues 57
6.2.3 Proposal 57
6.3 Gorus Organic Farming, Pune
6.3.1 Climate 58
6.3.2 Program 58
6.4 Comparative Analysis 59
6.5 Inferences 59
7. Proposal
7.1 Proposal at stream level
7.1.1 Sewage Calculations 61
7.1.2 Zoning 62
7.1.3 Proposed plan 64
7.1.4 Plants used in Soil Biotechnology 65
7.2 Proposal at lake level
7.2.1 Guidelines 66
8. Conclusion 69
9. Bibliography 71