CONTENTS
List of Illustrations and Tables xi
Preface xiii
Part 1 Disruptions
Chapter 1 Citizenship Made Strange 3
Public Standing and Everyday Citizenship 15
Particular Citizenships 18
Treating the Unequal Unequally 25
History as an Argument about the Present 33
Part 2 Inequalities
Chapter 2 In/Divisible Nations 39
Comparative Formulations 41
French Indivisibility 44
American Restriction 52
Brazilian Inclusion 62
Chapter 3 Limiting Political Citizenship 82
The Surprisingly Broad Colonial Franchise 83
Restrictions with Independence 88
A Long Step Backward into Oligarchy 100
Urbanization and the Equalization of Rights 104
Chapter 4 Restricting Access to Landed Properly 112
Property, Personality, and Civil Standing 113
Land, Labor, and Law 116
The Tangle of Colonial Land Tenure 118
National Land Reform, Slavery, and Immigrant Free Labor 123
The Land Law of 1850 131
Land Law and Market Become Accomplices of Fraud 136
Illegality, Inequality, and Instability as Norms 142
Chapter 5 Segregating the City 146
Center and Periphery 147
Evicting Workers and Managing Society 157
Autoconstructing the Peripheries 165
Social Rights for Urban Labor 186
A Differentiated Citizenship 197
Part 3 Insurgencies
Chapter 6 Legalizing the Illegal 203
The Illegal Periphery 206
A Case of Land Fraud in Jardim das Camélias 213
Histories of Dubious Origins 219
Federal Ownership Claims: Sesmarias and Indians 220
Ackel Ownership Claims: Fosse and Squatter's Rights 223
The Ownership Claims of Adis and the State of São Paulo 224
The Misrule of Law 227
Chapter 7 Urban Citizens 233
New Civic Participation 235
TheMobilization of Lar Nacional 241
Reinventing the Public Sphere 247
New Foundations of Rights 253
Rights as Privilege 254
Contributor Rights 260
Text-Based Rights 264
Part 4 Disjunctions
Chapter 8 Dangerous Spaces of Citizenship 271
Everyday Incivilities 275
In/Justice 284
Gang Talk and Rights Talk 300
Insurgent Citizenships and Disjunctive Democracies 309
Notes 315
Bibliography 361
Index 375