CONTENTS
Preface and Acknowledgements v
List of Tables, Figures, Maps and Photographs ix
1.Rural Development, Biomass Use and Grassroots Innovations in China 1
The Context 1
Biomass Resources in China 3
An Example: Application of Cotton Stalk 5
Benefits of Comprehensive Use of Biomass 7
Biomass Energy Potential 12
Chapterization 19
2.GRIs in China - Overall Situation, Drivers and Achievements 22
Farmers and GRIs 22
Overall Situation 23
Conditions Promoting Innovations 29
Diffusion of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 38
Innovations in Use and Collection of Agriculture Waste 42
Energy Related Innovations 43
Devices for Uprooting, Gathering and Efficiently Disposing Straw and Stalk 45
Innovations in Agriculture Machinery 46
Other Uses of Straw 46
Use of Biomass for Mushroom Production 47
Biogas Plant Innovation 47
Conclusion 47
Annexures 50
3.Biomass Utilization Policy and Implementation Mechanism 66
Relevant Laws 67
Relevant Policies and their Evolution 72
Biomass Energy in the Twelfth Five Year Plan 79
Climate Action Plan 80
Programs for Biomass Utilization and Energy 80
Annexures 95
4.Liu Yongquan: From Gasifier to Biomass Stoves 107
Context 107
Efforts to Innovate Gasifier 110
Working on Semi-gasifier (2009-2011) 124
Conclusion 139
5.Making and Marketing Briquette Machines and 147
Biomass Pellets
Sue Wenbin's Case of Small-sized Briquetting Machine 147
Innovation
Li Min Straw Utilization Cooperative 159
Conclusions - Reasons for Li Min Cooperative's Survival 170
6. Innovations in Mushroom Production Chain - Case 179
of Gao Dedian
Context 179
Different Innovations by Gao 183
Conclusion 220
7.Conclusions and Way Forward 233
Macro Policy Environment—The Context 233
The Overall Situation of GRIs 235
Motivations for Innovations 236
Diffusion 237
Financing Mechanisms ' 238
Role of Private Sector 239
Institutional Innovations 240
Role of Government in Biomass Related Innovations 241
Ecosystem of Local Governance 244
Policy Concerns Related to Innovators 245
Bibliography 247
Index 252