CONTENTS
Declaration i
Acknowledgement ii
List of Figures vii
List of Tables x
Chapter: 1 Introduction to the capstone project 11
1.1. Background 11
1.1.01 Introduction to placemaking 11
1.1.02 Types of placemaking projects 14
1.1.03 Placemaking decision flow chart 18
1.1.04 Indian Placemaking Examples (Projects and activities) 19
1.2. Problem Statement 23
1.3. Research Question 24
1.4. Aim of the research 24
1.5. Objectives 24
1.6. Scope and Limitations of work 24
1.7. Methodology 25
Chapter 2: Literature Review 27
2.01 Definitions 27
2.01.01 Business lifecycle 27
2.01.02 Startup 29
2.01.03 Organizational Behaviour 29
2.01.04 Digital Signature and Digital Signature Certificate 29
2.01.05 Director Identification Number (DIN) 30
2.01.06 INC-29-Integrated Incorporation Form 31
2.01.07 Memorandum of association 31
2.01.08 Articles of association 32
2.01.09 Certificate of incorporation 32
2.01.10 Memorandum of understanding 32
2.01.11 SME (small-medium enterprisers) 32
2.01.12 A Questionnaire 33
2.01.13 Focussed interviews 34
2.02 Business models & Plans 34
2.02.01 Business model canvas 35
2.02.02 Strategic planning & management 36
2.03 The differences between a business and a profession 38
2.04 Skills required to handle a placemaking consultancy 39
2.05 Forms of Business Ownership 41
2.05.1 Sole proprietorship 41
2.05.2 Partnerships 41
2.05.3 Non-Government organization & Non-profit organization (NGO and NPO) ... 41
2.06 The role of Government of India 42
2.06.1 Governing bodies & acts in India 42
2.06.2 How to register a company in India 43
2.07 Financing options 46
2.07.1 Seed Capital 46
2.07.2 Series A, B, C financing 46
2.07.3 Bootstrapping 46
2.07.4 Venture capital & Angel investment 47
2.07.5 Angel investment 47
2.07.6 Factoring/invoice advances: 47
2.07.7 Crowd funding, grants: 48
2.07.8 Debt & Equity financing: 48
2.08 Types of accounting 48
2.08.1 Cash flow basis: 48
2.08.2 Mercantile basis: 49
2.09 Types of costs incurred in an organisation 49
2.10 Types of contracts used in a placemaking consultancy 49
2.10.01 Build own operate 49
2.10.02 Build operate transfer 50
2.10.03 Build own operate transfer 50
2.10.04 Design build finance operate transfer 50
2.10.05 Special purpose vehicles 50
2.10.06 Management contracts 51
2.10.07 Turn key/EPC contracts 51
2.10.08 Item rate contracts 51
2.10.09 Lumpsum contracts 52
2.10.10 Cost plus Contracts 52
2.11 Theories of motivation & leadership 52
2.11.1 Motivation Theories 53
2.11.2 Leadership Theory 54
2.11.3 SMART goals 55
2.12 Organisational styles, structures, cultures and activities 55
2.12.1 Organisational cultures & structures 55
2.12.2 Types of Managerial structures 57
2.12.3 Types of Organisational activities 60
2.13 Porter’s diamond 61
Chapter 3: Primary data collection 64
3.01 The questionnaire 64
3.02 Data analysis and interpretation 76
3.02.01 Section 01: About the organization: 76
3.02.02 Section 02: Organizations style of work: 77
3.02.03 Section 03: Partnerships: 82
3.02.04 Section 04: Barriers and opportunities: 83
Chapter 4: The proposal 86
4.01 The business model 86
4.01.01 Key Partners: 86
4.01.02 Key Activities: 87
4.01.03 Value prepositions: 88
4.01.04 Customer Segments: 89
4.01.05 Customer Channels: 89
4.01.06 Customer Relationship: 89
4.01.07 Key Resources: 90
4.01.08 Cost structure: 90
4.01.09 Revenue streams: 90
4.02 Application of the model to sample projects 91
4.02.1 Placemaking project to reuse urban flyovers 91
4.02.2 Placemaking project for neighbourhood improvement 100
Chapter 5: Conclusion 109
Bibliography 111
References 121