Contents
Undertaking i
Certificate iii
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vii
Table of contents xi
List of figures xvii
List of tables xxi
1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Inception of idea 1
1.2 Background 1
2 Chapter 2 Keywords 3
2.1 Cultural Heritage 3
2.2 Categorization of cultural heritage Intangible versus tangible cultural
heritage 4
2.3 Categorization of heritage A case of Australia 4
2.3.1 Natural Heritage 5
2.3.2 Indigenous Heritage 5
2.3.3 Non-Indigenous Heritage 6
2.3.4 Australian Cultural heritage 6
2.3.5 Family Heritage 6
2.4 Whom does it belong to? 7
2.5 Conservation, Preservation & adaptive reuse 8
2.6 Definition and origin of adaptive re-use 10
2.7 The preservation of values 12
2.8 Urban Regeneration /Renewal 13
3 Scope, methodology & limitations of research 15
3.1 Purpose/Scope of Research 15
3.2 Research Questions 15
3.3 Objectives & Sub-objectives 15
3.4 Methodology 16
3.4.1 Graphical representation of methodology adopted 23
3.5 Limitations 25
4 Gentrification debates 27
4.1 Introduction 27
4.2 What's left of Overview of ruth glass 28
4.3 The rent gap theory as cause of gentrification Neil Smith 32
4.4 The new middle class 33
4.5 On the policy side as a cause of gentrification 35
4.6 Outcomes and consequences of gentrification 36
5 Brief of legislative texts for conserving cultural Heritage 39
5.1 Back In History Traces Of Sense Of Conservation Through Policy 39
5.2 United Nations Society “The Athens Charter for the restoration of historic monuments [ Athens (Greece), 21-30 October, 1931 ]” – Agendas of concerns, (Feliu, 2003) 41
5.3 “UNESCO’s Recommendation concerning the safeguarding of the beauty and character of landscapes and sites (conference dated 9 November to 12 December 1962 in Paris)” 42
5.4 Other UNESCO’s texts 42
5.5 Council of Europe - Recommendations and Resolutions 43
5.6 International Council of Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) Important charters with respect to cultural heritage 45
5.6.1 “The Venice charter The international charter for conservation and restoration of monuments and sites. [ Venice (Italy), 25 – 31 May 1964 ]” 45
5.6.2 “The Florence Charter Committee for historic gardens, Florence, (Italy) 21 May 1981” 46
5.6.3 “Washington Charter International Charter for the conservation of historic towns and urban areas. [ Washington D.C. (U.S.A.), October 1987 ]” 46
5.6.4 “Charter on built vernacular heritage. [ Mexico (U.S.A.), 17-27 October 2000 ]” 46
5.6.5 The “Burra Charter The Australian ICOMOS charter for the conservation of places of cultural significance. [ Burra (Australia), 1979 ]” 47
5.7 Summary 47
5.8 The Administrative structure and Planning policies in case of Milan and Lombardi region, Italy 47
5.8.1 The Piani Governo del Territorio (PGT) 47
5.8.2 The Regional Landscape Territorial Plan (PTPR) 48
5.8.3 The Regional Territory plan (PTR) 48
5.8.4 Regional Landscape Plan (PPR) and its regulations 48
5.8.5 The provincial coordination territorial plan (PCTP) 49
6 Chapter 5 Milan and its brief history 51
6.1 Traces of history Milan 51
6.2 The era of urban planning Milan 53
6.2.1 The eight profiles of Urban planning in Italy as per Patrizia Gabellini are 54
6.3 Milan’s Urban Administrative structure 55
6.3.1 Area C - Historic core of the city 56
6.4 Demographics of Milan 57
7 Site – Brera District, Milan 59
7.1 Site Location 59
7.2 Brief history of Brera 59
7.3 Important Places and landmarks of historic importance in the district 60
7.4 Places of cultural interests 64
8 CHAPTER 7 Analysis 65
8.1 Land Use & Building Use 65
8.2 Analysis of the existing services in area based on PGT document 65
8.3 Analysis of space in these 15 categories can be summarized as below 70
8.4 Historical Morphological Analysis 70
8.5 Analysis of Public Services in the district 75
8.6 Analysis of morphological indications and course of actions required 79
8.7 Analysis of morphology of the area from historical maps 98
8.7.1 Summarizing history of Brera district with reference to
morphological Changes 100
8.7.2 Evolution of the Urban fabric from merchants and workers to the
middle class 100
8.8 Social Characteristics of Brera neighborhood 102
9 Conclusion 105
9.1 Reflection on achievement in line with methodology expanded in chapter 2 105
9.2 Role of Cultural institution, University & cultural spaces 106
9.3 Old centers have limited infrastructure – The constant population density phenomenon 108
9.4 Results of the study Learning versus Learnings for adoption 109
9.4.1 Learning and understanding the Phenomenon 109
9.4.2 Adapting the learnings in a specific case “Brera District – Milan” 109
9.4.3 Inferring the learnings as a tool to be adapted for future 110
9.5 Comparison of inferences with Indian old cities 110
9.6 Ending note 111
References xiii
References xiv
Appendix 1 XYZ xix
Appendix 2 XYZ 18