TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNDERTAKING III
CERTIFICATE IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT V
ABSTRACT VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS VII
LIST OF TABLES X
LISTS OF FIGURES XIV
NOTATIONS XV
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Description of Bridge 1
1.2 Classification of Bridge 2
1.3 Description of bow-string girder bridge 3
1.4 Overall structural behaviour 6
1.5 Location of project 7
1.6 Project details 9
2. LITERATURE REVIEW & REVIEW OF DESIGN DOCUMENTS 10
2.1 Literature reviews 10
2.2 Review of design documents & codes 11
3. OBJECTIVES & METHODOLOGY 13
3.1 Objectives 13
3.2 Scope of work 13
3.3 Methodology 14
3.3.1 Overview of methodology 14
3.3.2 Preparation of gad 14
3.3.3 Load calculation 14
3.3.4 Load combinations (Table B-2, Table B-3, IRC:6-2016) 15
3.3.5 Modelling 15
3.3.6 Analysis procedure 19
3.3.7 Design procedure 19
4. ANALYSIS RESULT 20
4.1 Comparison of analysis by varying height of arch 20
4.2 Comparison of analysis by varying distance between hangers 23
4.3 Comparison of analysis by varying distance between tie beam 27
4.4 Comparison of analysis by varying number of arch tie beam 30
4.5 Comparison of analysis for vehicle collision load 33
5. DESIGN RESULTS 36
5.1 Design procedure 36
5.1.1 Section check 37
5.1.2 Section classification 37
5.1.3 Design of elements for ULS 38
5.1.4 Design of stiffeners for ULS 44
5.1.5 Design of elements for SLS 45
5.1.6 Design of stiffeners for SLS 47
5.2 Design of member 48
5.2.1 Design of main beam 48
5.2.2 Design of hanger 50
5.2.3 Design of arch 52
5.2.4 Design of end tie beam 54
5.2.5 Design of tie beam 56
5.2.6 Design of arch-tie beam 58
5.3 Design of connections. 59
5.3.1 Design of main beam connection 61
5.3.2 Design of hanger connection 62
5.3.3 Design of arch connection 63
5.3.4 Design of end tie beam connection 64
5.3.5 Design of tie beam connection 65
5.3.6 Design of arch-tie beam connection 66
5.3.7 Design of connection at bearings 67
5.3.8 Overall design summary 68
6. CONCLUSIONS 70
6.1 Conclusions 70
6.2 Future work 70
7. REFERENCES 71
7.1 Standard Specifications and Code of practice 71
7.2 R.D.S.O. (Research Designs and Standards Organisation) 71
7.3 Research paper & Books 72
8. ANNEXURES 73