CONTENTS
Certificate of original authorship i
Certificate of Dissertation Advisor’s consent iii
Acknowledgments vii
Abstract ix
List of figures xi
List of tables xv
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim 3
1.3 Objective 4
1.4 Methodology 4
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Smart City and Technology Use 7
2.2 Formation of 3-D City Model 7
2.3 Application of 3-D Model 8
3 STUDY AREA AND DATA REQUIREMENT 9
3.1 Study Area 9
3.2 Profile of study area 10
3.3 Software and System Requirements 11
3.4 Data Requirements 12
4 ESTIMATION OF ENERGY DEMAND 15
4.1 Creation of 3D model 16
4.2 Average Electricity consumption in India 20
4.3 Pattern of Electricity consumption 22
4.4 Energy Use Intensity (EUI) 22
4.5 The difference between source and site energy 23
4.6 Electricity Rate 26
4.7 Estimation of Electric Energy Consumption in particular buildings 30
4.8 Data Analysis 33
4.9 Energy Consumption Tread and Monthly Energy Demand 37
5 Photovoltaic System 49
5.1 What is Solar Photovoltaics? 49
5.2 Factors affecting Photovoltaic system 50
5.3 Solar Radiation 52
5.4 Calculation of photovoltaic system 55
5.5 Financial Analysis of Photovoltaic systems 66
5.6 Photovoltaic System in CityEngine 68
6 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 73
6.1 Results 73
6.2 Conclusion 88
6.3 Critical evaluation of work 94
6.4 Future Scope 95
References xcvii
Appendix 1: CGA Rule File in CityEngine cxiii
Appendix 2: Abbreviations cxix