CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND 2
1.2 RESEARCH FOCUS 4
1.3 AN OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT STUDY IN AHMEDABAD 6
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 6
1.5 AIM 7
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTION 7
1.7 OBJECTIVE 7
CHAPTER 2 : LITERATURE
2.1 IMPORTANCE OF THERMAL COMFORT IN OUTDOOR SPACES 10
2.2 STUDIES ON Outdoor thermal comfort 11
2.3 Theories ON outdoor thermal comfort 14
2.3.1 ALLIESTHESIA 14
2.3.2 THEORY OF RISING EXPECTATIONS 15
2.4 DIFFEReNCE BETWEEN thermal comfort CONDITIONS outdoor vs. indoor 16
2.4.1 Heat balance 16
2.4.2 Thermophysiological 17
2.4.3 Psychological adaptation 17
2.5 FACTORS AFFECTING OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT 17
2.6 APPROACHES TO UNDERSTAND OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT 18
2.6.1 HEAT BALANCE model 18
2.6.2 ADAPTIVE MODEL 19
2.6.2.1 Physiological adaptation 20
2.6.2.2 Physical adaptation 20
2.6.2.2 PSysHological adaptation 21
2.7 ANALYSIS OF HUMAN THERMAL RESPONSES 21
2.7.1 THERMAL NEUTRALITY 21
2.7.1 ACCEPTABLE THERMAL RANGE 22
2.8 THERMAL COMFORT MODELS FOR OUTDOORS 22
2.9 SUBJECTIVE JUDGEMENT SCALES TO MEASURE THERMAL COMFORT 24
2.9.1 Thermal sensation 24
2.10 outdoor thermal comfort INDICES 25
2.11 DESIGN PARAMETERS 26
CHAPTER 3 : METHODOLOGY
3.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 30
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN FRAMEWORK AND APPROACH 32
3.3 RESEARCH METHODS 33
3.3.1 Measurement Process of outdoor microclimate 33
3.3.1.1 Mobile measurement 33
3.3.1.2 Concurrent meteorological measurements 35
3.3.2 Human response through questionnaire 36
3.3.3 Period of field survey 37
3.4 DATA SCREENING AND ANALYSIS 38
CHAPTER 4 : case study
4.1 AHMEDABAD AND ITS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 42
4.2 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA 44
4.3 KANKARIA LAKE - Site-1 46
4.3.1 Location and site surroundings 46
4.3.2 Sub area of the site plan 47
4.3.3 Section of Site -1 48
4.3.4 Architectural features 48
4.3.5 SHADING DIAGRAM AND USAGE PATTERN OF SITE-1 49
4.4 FLOWER PARK RIVERFRONT - Site- 2
4.4.1 Location and site surroundings 53
4.4.2 Site plan 54
4.4.3 Architectural features 55
4.4.4 SHADING DIAGRAM AND USAGE PATTERN OF SITE-2 57
4.5 PRAHLADBHAI PATEL JOGGERS PARK - Site- 3 60
4.5.1 Location and site surroundings 60
4.5.2 Site plan 61
4.5.3 Architectural features 62
4.5.4 SHADING DIAGRAM AND USAGE PATTERN OF SITE-3 64
4.6 DESIGN FEATURES OF STUDIED SITES 65
Chapter -5 Findings and analysis
5.1 OVERVIEW 68
5.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTICIPANTS 68
5.3 EVALUATING MICROCLIMATE 69
5.3.1 Outdoor environmental conditions 69
5.3.2 Meteorological conditions on different sites using mobile measurement system 71
5.4 ACTIVITY LEVEL AND CLOTHING INSULATION 72
5.5 PREDICTED COMFORT CONDITIONS 73
5.6 THERMAL RESPONSES BY PARTICIPANTS 74
5.6.1 Thermal sensation 74
5.6.2 Preferable conditions 76
5.7 COMPARISON OF OBSERVED AND PREDICTED SENSATION 77
5.8 DERIVATION OF THERMAL NEUTRALITY 78
5.9 ACCEPTABLE THERMAL RANGE 79
5.10 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS EFFECT ON THERMAL COMFORT 80
5.11 THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF SURFACE MATERIALS 81
5.12 USAGE PATTERN OF THE STUDY SITES 82
5.10.1 Purpose of visit 82
5.10.2 Thermal history and frequency of use 82
5.10.3 User’s opinion on design of the place 83
5.10.4 Attendance 84
CHAPTER - 6 CONCLUSION & fUTURE SCOPE
6.1 CONCLUSION 86
6.2 FUTURE SCOPE 88
6.3 LIMITATION 89
REFERENCES 90
APPENDIX I