CONTENTS
Preface v
List of Tables ix
List of Figures xi
Acronyms and Abbreviations xv
1. EIA Process in India and its Constraints 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 What is an EIA? 1
1.3 EIA in India 4
1.4 Signifi cance of the Study 6
1.5 Outline of the Book 7
2. Comparative Review of EIA 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 EIA in India 17
2.3 Evaluation of the Indian EIA System 25
3. Haldia: A Case Study 31
3.1 Introduction 31
3.2 Haldia: An Industrial Estate 31
4.Concept of EIA Follow–up and Practice in India 49
4.1 EIA Follow-up 49
4.2 Institutional Arrangement of Follow-up in India 53
4.3 Appraisal of Follow-up Process in India 58
4.4 Cost of Follow-up in Haldia 81
5. Environmental QualityAssessment 83
5.1 Introduction 83
5.2 Pollution Load from Various Units 83
5.3 Air Quality Assessment—Dispersion Modelling 89
5.4 Water Quality Assessment 105
5.5 Effectiveness of the Monitoring Network 126
6. Enforcement Mechanisms 131
6.1 Introduction 131
6.2 Enforcement Mechanism in India 135
6.3 Enforcement in Haldia 136
6.4 Penalties Imposed Versus Cost of Compliance in Haldia 142
7. Questionnaire Analysis 147
7.1 Introduction 147
7.2 Structure of the Questionnaire 148
7.3 Statistical Analysis of the Questionnaire 149
7.4 Common Facts in the Analysis and Questionnaire 154
8. Conclusion and Policy Implications 157
8.1 Conclusion 157
8.2 Policy Implications to Make the Follow-up Effective 160
Annexures
A: Environmental Quality Standards 165
B: Expert Questionnaire 167
C: Industrial Questionnaire 175
References 183
Index 201