CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4
ABSTRACT 5
INDEX 6
LIST OF TABLES 9
LIST OF FIGURES 10
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 11
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 12
1.1 BACKGROUND 12
1.1.1 INDIAN SCENARIO 12
1.2 NEED FOR STUDY 12
1.3 AIM 12
1.4 OBJECTIVE 13
1.5 SCOPE 13
1.6 RESEARCH DESIGN 13
1.7 LIMITATIONS 13
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 14
2.1 VISION FOR SWM URBAN INDIA 14
2.1.1 LEGAL FRAMEWORK 14
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW OF RESEARCH STUDIED 16
2.3 KEY WASTE TYPES AND APPLICABLE RULES 18
2.4 TECHNOLOGIES FOR SWM 19
2.4.1 MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITY 19
2.4.2 COMPOSTING 19
2.4.3 WASTE TO ENERGY 19
2.4.4 INCINERATION 20
2.4.5 BIO-METHANATION 20
2.4.6 REFUSE DERIVED FUEL 20
2.4.7 TECHNOLOGIES UNDER DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA 20
CHAPTER 3: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GANDHINAGAR 21
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY AREA - GANDHINAGAR 21
3.1.1 AREA PROFILE AND DEMOGRAPHICS 21
3.2 OVERVIEW OF EXISTING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GANDHINAGAR 22
3.3 WASTE GENERATION AND WASTE COMPOSITIONS 22
3.3.1 WASTE COLLECTION 23
3.3.2 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 24
3.3.3 WASTE PROCESSING SYSTEM 26
3.3.4 EXISTING WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES 28
3.3.5 WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM 28
3.4 GAPS OBSERVED 29
CHAPTER 4: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT DESIGN 30
4.1 WASTE TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 30
4.1.1 CONSIDERATIONS FOR TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 31
4.1.2 EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGY 31
4.1.3 WASTE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS BASED ON POPULATION SIZE 31
4.2 TREATMENT OPTIONS BASED ON FEASIBILITY CALCULATION 32
4.2.1 COMPOSTING TECHNOLOGIES 33
4.2.2 WASTE TO ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES COMPARISON 34
4.2.3 TREATMENT FOR RECYCLABLES AND INERT 34
4.2.4 SUMMARY OF TREATMENTS CHOSEN 34
CHAPTER 5: SOLID WASTE PROJECTIONS AND SANITARY LANDFILL DESIGN 35
5.1 FUTURE GENERATIONS 35
5.1.1 POPULATION PROJECTIONS 35
5.2 WASTE RESIDUE PROJECTIONS FOR GANDHINAGAR CITY (YEAR-2017 TO 2037) 36
5.3 LANDFILL SITE DESIGN 38
5.3.1 PROPOSED LANDFILL SITE BY GMC 39
5.3.2 EVALUATION OF PROPOSED LANDFILL SITE 39
5.3.3 LANDFILL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 40
5.4 LANDFILL CAPACITY, LANDFILL HEIGHT, LANDFILL AREA CALCULATIONS 40
5.4.1 OPERATIONAL PHASES FOR LANDFILL DEVELOPMENT AND EXPANSION 41
5.4.2 LANDFILL DIMENSIONS 42
5.4.2.1 LANDFILL DIMENSIONS 42
5.4.3 LEACHATE QUANTITY EVALUATION 43
5.5 LANDFILL AREA DESIGN 43
5.5.1 AREA REQUIREMENTS BY WINDROW 43
5.5.2 SANITARY LANDFILL AREA 44
5.5.3 PROPOSED SWM SYSTEM AND SITE CONSTRUCTION 45
5.5.3.1 KEY ASPECTS OF DESIGN 45
5.5.5 LANDFILL CROSS SECTION DETAILS 48
5.5.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM 49
5.6 SOLID WASTE MODEL PROPOSED 49
5.7 BLOCK COST ESTIMATE FOR SOLID WASTE DESIGNS PROPOSED 50
5.8 FUNDING OPTIONS AVAILABLE TO GANDHINAGAR 50
5.8.1 FUNDING OPTIONS IN DETAIL 52
5.8.2 FINANCE PROPOSAL FOR GANDHINAGAR 52
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 54
6.1 WAY FORWARD TO THE STUDY - SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 54
REFERENCES 55
ANNEXURE 1: POPULATION PROJECTIONS 56