Boxes, Figures, and Tablesvii Preface and Acknowledgmentsxi Acronyms, Abbreviations, Currencies, and Units of Measure Introduction and OverviewI Focus of the Study I A Surging Global Industry2 Challenges and Approaches 4 1. Trends in Global Aquaculture13 Emergence of a Global Industry13 Production, Markets, and Trade 15 Future Supply and Demand Projections 19 The Role of External Assistance and the International Financial Institutions 20 2. Aquaculture, Environment, and Health23 The Impact of Aquaculture on the Environment23 The Impact of Aquaculture on Human Health 29 Environmental Services from Aquaculture 35 3. Innovation and Technologies40 Feeds, Seeds, and Disease 40 Technology Transfer and Capacity Building49 4. Building Pro-Poor Aquaculture56 Impacts of Aquaculture on Poverty and Livelihoods 56 Lessons from Asia 58 Creating and Distributing Wealth through Aquaculture 62 5. Catalyzing Aquaculture in Less-Developed Countries68 The Status of Aquaculture in Africa 69 Diagnosis for Sub-Saharan Africa70 Unlocking the Potential72 Catalyzing Sustainable Aquaculture in Latin America78 6. Conclusions and Recommendations82 Conclusions82 Recommendations91 Annexes93 Annex I. Definitions of Aquaculture Production Systems 94 Annex 2. Selected Codes, Instruments, and Tools for Responsible Aquaculture 97 Annex 3. Portfolio Analysis 103 Annex 4. Wealth Creation and Poverty Alleviation-The Asian Experiences 110 Annex 5. Supplementary Statistical Information 135 Annex 6. The Diversity of Aquaculture Production Systems and Business Models 146 Annex 7. Guidelines for the Preparation and Implementation of Aquaculture Projects 156 Notes163 References165 Index18O